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- ESKAY 9/14/85
-
- What a name for a file, you my think...
-
-
- This is a brief rundown of the NEC uPD70116, also known as the V30.
- To my knowledge, most of this also applies to the V20.
-
-
- The V30 is a 16-bit microprocessor in a 40-pin package with the same
- pinout as Intel's 8086. I see it basically as an enhanced 8086 with
- extended features, but it may also be considered a stripped-down
- 80186 with extended features.
-
- The V30's mnemonics are significantly different from Intel's, this is
- probably due to legal considerations. We users shouldn't get hung up
- on this and simply use Intel's mnemonics...
-
-
- The V30 has three types of instructions:
-
- - 8086-compatible instruction set
- - enhanced instructions (80186 compatible)
- - unique extended instructions.
-
- Note: the data sheet says nothing about 80186 but I found the opcodes for
- "enhanced" instructions to be identical to those found in the 80186.
-
- Since everyone knows the 8086 instructions, let's look at the "enhanced"
- instructions, which are really the 80186 extensions in disguise:
-
-
- NEC mnemonics INTEL mnemonics Example Function
-
- PUSH imm PUSH imm PUSH 77H Push an immediate value
- PUSH R PUSHA PUSHA Push 8 general-purpose regs
- POP R POPA POPA Pop 8 general-purpose regs
- MUL imm MUL imm MUL AX,7 Multiply reg/mem by immediate
- all shift/rotate instructions
- with immediate arguments SHR AX,3
- CHKIND BOUND BOUND Check array boundary
- INM INS INS BYTE Input string from port DX
- to [DI]
- OUTM OUTS OUTS BYTE Output string from [SI]
- to port DX
- PREPARE ENTER ENTER 28,3 Allocate stack frame for
- procedure
- DISPOSE LEAVE LEAVE Deallocate stack frame when
- leaving procedure
-
- The V30 has the following unique instructions:
-
- INS Insert bit field
- EXT Extract bit field
- ADD4S Add packed BCD strings
- SUB4S Subtract packed BCD strings
- CMP4S Compare packed BCD strings
- ROL4 Rotates 1 BCD digit left through AL low nybble
- ROR4 Rotates 1 BCD digit right through AL low nybble
- TEST1 Test a specified bit and set/reset Z flag
- NOT1 Invert a specified bit
- CLR1 Clear a specified bit
- SET1 Set a secified bit
- REPC Repeat until CY clear
- REPNC Repeat until CY set
- FPO2 Additional floating point processor call
-
-
- Additionally, the V30 has a mode bit (bit 15 of the flags register)
- which determines whether the chip operates in "native" mode or in
- "8080 emulation" mode. The following instructions control the mode bit:
-
- BRKEM break for emulation
- RETEM return from emulation
- CALLN call native routine
- RETI return from interrupt/native routine
-
- In 8080 emulation mode, the registers are used as follows:
- A=AL, B=CH, C=CL, D=DH, E=DL, H=BH, L=BL, SP=BP
-
-
-
-
- Due to hardware differences between the Intel 8086 and the V30, the
- V30 executes most instructions faster than the 8086. Thus, even if none of
- the advanced features are used, replacing your existing 8086 with a V30 should
- speed your system up.
-
- As of last week, the V30 was not yet available to the general public.
- The V20, however, (the 8088 replacement) is available and is being offered
- for sale by some local distributors.
-
- For more information, contact your local NEC support office or NEC parts
- dealer (in Dallas, go by "Off the shelf components" at 11441 Stemmons Fwy
- [247-0052] and ask for a spec sheet).
-
- Both the V20 and V30 come in 5MHz and 8MHz clock speeds. As soon as the
- 8MHz V30 becomes available, I'll run some benchmarks on it.
-