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- Coronado Enterprises Turbo C TUTOR (ver 1.50) Feb 1, 1988
-
- COMPILER.DOC file
-
- This tutorial is written specifically for the Turbo-C compiler
- by Borland International. It is written for the first release
- of that particular compiler, and many of the topics discussed
- refer to the User's Guide and Reference Guide for that particular
- release. For that reason, when Borland releases a new version,
- some of the page numbers may be in error for the new release, but
- the topics will still be useable and valid. It is written to
- teach you how to read and write Turbo C programs but even more
- important, it is intended to teach you the vocabulary of the C
- language so that you can intelligently read the literature about C.
-
- Due to the ease of use of the Integrated Environment version of
- Turbo C, It will be used exclusively by this tutorial. You can
- use the Command Line version of Turbo C with this tutorial, but
- all notes in the tutorial will describe use of the Integrated
- Environment version.
-
-
-
- ******** Note - Note - Note - Note - Note - Note - Note *********
-
- All of the files in the Coronado Enterprises Turbo C tutorial are
- designed to work with the Turbo C compiler with all options left
- in the default mode (ie - the way the compiler comes from the
- factory), and any changes may affect the way some of the example
- programs work. For example, if you were to change the number of
- significant characters used for an identifier to 4, the program
- named SCOPE.C in chapter 5, would have all 3 functions named the
- same, namely "head", and the program would not work. You would
- actually have other problems with this change, but they will not
- be commented on here. Other kinds of errors are also possible, so
- it would be best that you simply use the Borland defaults for the
- duration of the tutorial and when you have gained experience with
- C, customize your compiler to suit your own taste.
-
-
-
-
- ****************** Suggested Hard Disk Setup *********************
- The Turbo C User's Guide has complete instructions describing
- how to set up your system for proper use. Following the direc-
- tions given will result in the following directory setup if you
- are using a hard disk. Some of the files have been omitted in
- this suggested setup to reduce the clutter in the TURBOC directory.
- This will reduce the confusion over extra files as you work your
- way through the tutorials.
-
- Note that there are slight differences in using version 1.0 and
- 1.5 of TURBO C. The differences will be pointed out in the follow-
- ing descriptions of setup and use.
-
- ********* TURBO C version 1.0 **********
- TURBO C disk 1 - Integrated Development Env.
- TURBO C disk 2 - Command Line/Utilities
- TURBO C disk 3 - Header Files/Libraries/Examples
- TURBO C disk 4 - Libraries/Examples
-
- ********* TURBO C version 1.5 **********
- TURBO C disk 1 - Integrated Development Env.
- TURBO C disk 2 - Command Line/Utilities
- TURBO C disk 3 - Header Files/Libraries
- TURBO C disk 4 - Libraries
- TURBO C disk 5 - Examples
-
-
- C:\TURBOC\
- TC.EXE /* From Turbo C disk 1 */
- TCCONFIG.TC /* You make this file - See below */
- TCHELP.TCH /* From Turbo C disk 1 (ver 1.0) */
- TCHELP.TCH /* From Turbo C disk 5 (ver 1.5) */
- *.* /* From Turbo C Tutor SOURCE disk */
-
- C:\TURBOC\INCLUDE\
- *.H /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
-
- C:\TURBOC\INCLUDE\SYS\
- STAT.H /* From Turbo C disk 3 \SYS\ subdir.*/
-
- C:\TURBOC\LIB\
- *.OBJ /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
- *.LIB /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
- *.OBJ /* From Turbo C disk 4 - optional */
- *.LIB /* From Turbo C disk 4 - optional */
-
- The *.OBJ and *.LIB files from disk 4 are needed only if you wish
- to use additional memory models. You only need the "Small" memory
- model to run all of the programs included in the Coronado Enter-
- prises Turbo C tutorial.
-
- After creating the subdirectories listed above and loading them
- with the files listed, change to the TURBOC directory and create
- the TCCONFIG.TC file by following these instructions (note that
- the instructions are given on page 16 of the Turbo C User's guide
- but they are somewhat cryptic for the beginner).
-
- 1. TC<return> This loads the TURBO-C compiler
- 2. O Selects "Options"
- 3. E (version 1.0) Selects "Environment"
- 3. D (version 1.5) Selects "Directories"
- 4. I Selects "Include directories"
- 5. \TURBOC\INCLUDE<return> Sets directory for include files
- 6. L Selects "Library directory"
- 7. \TURBOC\LIB<return> Sets directory for library files
- 8. <Esc> Returns to "Options" menu
- 9. S Selects "Store options"
- 10. <return> Stores file named "TCCONFIG.TC"
- 11. <Esc> Return to the TURBO-C main menu
-
-
-
-
- To run your first program. (This assumes FIRSTEX.C has been copied
- into the \TURBOC\ directory from the tutorial SOURCE disk.)
-
- 1. TC<return> Loads the Turbo C compiler
- 2. F Selects "Files"
- 3. L Selects "Load"
- 4. <return> Lists all files *.C
- 5. Position cursor on FIRSTEX.C
- 6. <return> Loads FIRSTEX.C
- 7. Alt-R Compiles and runs FIRSTEX
-
-
-
-
-
- **************** Suggested Dual Floppy Disk Setup *****************
-
- The Turbo C User's Guide has very sketchy information on how to set
- up the system for use from two floppies so the following information
- is given to get you started. As you gain experience with the C lan-
- guage, you can add features and move files around to make it more
- convenient to use. The setup given here will result in the source
- files and executable files residing on drive B. You will develop a
- more convenient system soon, but this setup will get you started.
- You will find that you will have to stop often and erase the *.OBJ
- and the *.EXE files that are generated by Turbo C or your disk will
- fill up with these extra files.
-
- Format a disk with the system on it (ie - FORMAT A:/S) and put the
- following files on it for your drive A disk.
-
- TC.EXE /* From Turbo C disk 1 */
- TCCONFIG.TC /* You make this file - see below */
- TCHELP.TCH /* From Turbo C disk 1 (ver 1.0) */
- TCHELP.TCH /* From Turbo C disk 5 (ver 1.5) */
- /* Note - You will probably have */
- /* room for an AUTOEXEC.BAT file on */
- /* this disk also. */
-
-
- Format a disk without the system, make the following directories
- on it, and add the following files to it in their respective dir-
- ectories. This will be the disk for drive B. You will put a few
- of the source files from the Coronado Enterprises tutorial on this
- disk in the root directory.
-
- \
- *.C /* From the Turbo C Tutor SOURCE disk */
-
- \INCLUDE\
- *.H /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
-
- \INCLUDE\SYS\
- STAT.H /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
-
- \LIB\
- COS.OBJ /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
- CS.LIB /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
- EMU.LIB /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
- FP87.LIB /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
- MATHS.LIB /* From Turbo C disk 3 */
-
-
- After creating the disks as listed above, install the disks in
- drive A and drive B and boot up the computer on drive A. You
- must then create the TCCONFIG.TC file by following these instruc-
- tions (note that the instructions are given on page 14 of the Turbo
- C User's guide but they are somewhat cryptic for the beginner).
-
-
- 1. TC<return> This loads the TURBO-C compiler
- 2. O Selects "Options"
- 3. E (version 1.0) Selects "Environment"
- 3. D (version 1.5) Selects "Directories"
- 4. I Selects "Include directories"
- 5. B:\INCLUDE<return> Sets directory for include files
- 6. O Selects "Output directory"
- 7. B:\<return> Sets directory for output files
- 8. L Selects "Library directory"
- 9. B:\LIB<return> Sets directory for library files
- 10. <Esc> Returns to "Options" menu
- 11. S Selects "Store options"
- 12. <return> Stores file named "TCCONFIG.TC"
- 13. <Esc> Return to the TURBO-C main menu
- 14. F Selects the "File" menu
- 15. L Selects the "Load" submenu
- 16. B:*.C<return> Selects the B drive for files
- 17. <Esc> Return to the "File" menu
- 18. <Esc> Return to the TURBO-C main menu
-
- Note that steps 14 through 16 must be performed once each time the
- Turbo C system is started to tell the system where to find the
- working files.
-
- To run your first program. (This assumes FIRSTEX.C has been copied
- into the root directory from the tutorial SOURCE disk.) Load the
- two disks into the computer and boot up the system.
-
- 1. TC<return> Loads the Turbo C compiler
- 2. F Selects "Files"
- 3. L Selects "Load"
- 4. B:*.C<return> Lists all files *.C
- 5. Position cursor on FIRSTEX.C
- 6. <return> Loads FIRSTEX.C
- 7. Alt-R Compiles and runs FIRSTEX
-
-
-
-
- **************** Suggested Single Floppy Disk Setup ****************
-
- In order to use the Turbo C compiler with a single floppy disk,
- set up two disks as noted for the Dual Floppy Disk system. Use the
- disk designated for drive A above to boot up the computer and perform
- steps 1 through 13 given above, leaving off the drive designation for
- drive B in steps 5, 7, 9, and 16.
-
- To run the system, use the disk designated for drive A for booting
- and loading the TC system, then install the other disk as the work-
- ing disk. You will have all of the capabilities of the dual drive
- system except for the "HELP" facility and the ability to run an oper-
- ating system shell from within the Turbo C Integrated environment.
-
-