Internet Info 1993/Internet Info CD-ROM (Walnut Creek) (1993).iso/networking/mail/sendmail/sendmail.debug

Internet Message Format | 1990-06-21 | 10.2 KB

From: [e-mail] (Neal Pollack, Telecomm Dept)
Date: 23 May 90 18:35:29 GMT
Subject: Sendmail Cheat Sheet

Thanks to Bill Lewandowski   [e-mail]
       Added to by    Neal Pollack     [e-mail]

Why confuse yourself when you can't find the docs?  Trying to memorize
all of the sendmail flags and rules can seriously damage the average
human brain.  Use a cheat sheet.  Maybe others will continue to add and
repost, till this becomes truly complete.  I keep a copy in the .cf file.


#                       MAILER OPTIONS
#
#               f - this mailer wants a "-f from" line
#               r - this mailer wants a "-r from" line
#               S - call mailer as root
#               n - do not insert a From line
#               l - this mailer is local so final delevery will be made
#               s - strip quote characters from addresses
#               m - this mailer can send to more than one user on host
#                   in single transaction
#               F - this mailer wants a From or Resent-From line(s)
#               D - this mailer wants a Date line in header
#               M - this mailer wants a Message-Id header line
#               x - this mailer wants a "Full-Name" header line
#               P - this mailer wants a "Return-Path" header line
#               u - upper case should be preserved in user names
#               h - upper case should be preserved in host names
#               A - this is an arpanet compatable mailer, use approprate flags
#               U - use unix style "From" lines with "remote from"
#               e - this is an "expensive" mailer
#               X - this mailer uses the "hidden dot" algorithm from RFC821
#               L - limit line lengths as specified in RFC821
#               I - this mailer will be speaking SMTP to another sendmail
#               C - if mail received from mailer with this flag set, any
#                   addresses that do not have a "@" in them will have
#                   "@domain" added to them
#               E - escape lines beggining with "From" with a ">"
#               R - this mailer wants a "Recieved" line in header

#
# Sendmail's built-in macros:
#
#       $a      origin date in ARPANET format (in msg "Date:" line)
#       $b      current date in ARPANET format
#       $c      hop count
#       $d      current date in unix (ctime) format
#       $f      raw sender (from) address
#       $g      translated sender address (relative to the recipient)
#       $h      recipient host
#       $i      the queue id
#       $m      the domain name
#       $p      sendmail's processid in decimal [not used herein]
#       $r      protocol used
#       $s      sender's hostname
#       $t      the current time in seconds since 1/1/1970 (for msg ids)
#       $u      is the recipient user
#       $v      version # of sendmail
#       $w      hostname
#       $x      signature (full name) of sender
#       $y      ttyid of terminal
#       $z      home directory of recpient

#        R U L E S
#        ---------
#    The LEFT HAND SIDE:
#    $*    match zero or more tokens
#    $+    match one or more tokens
#    $-    match exactly one token
#    $=x    match any token in class x
#    $~x    match any token NOT in class x

#    The RIGHT HAND SIDE:
#    $n    substitute indefinite token n from LHS
#    $[name$]  canonicalize name (look up with gethostent(3) )
#          $[[128.32.130.2]$] would become vangogh.berkeley.edu
#    $>n    call rule set n,   remainder of line substituted as usual,
#        then passed to rule set n. Final value of rule n then
#        becomes the substitution for this rule.
#    $#mailer    resolve to "mailer", terminates, use only
#            in rule 0, ends sendmail, goes to mailer.
#    $@host        specify "host"
#    $:user        specify "user"

#    COMMAND LINE FLAGS:
#                some more common ones
#
#    -n    do not do aliasing or forwarding
#    -b#     Set operation mode to #, where # is;
#        m    deliver mail, default
#        a    run in arpanet mode
#        s    speak SMTP on INPUT side
#        d    run as a daemon
#        t    run in test mode
#        v    just verify addresses, don't deliver
#        i    initialize the alias database
#        p    print the mail queue
#        z    Freeze the configuration file
#
#    -d(level)    set debugging level
#
#    -C (file)    use an alternate configuration file.
#
#    -q (time)    Try to process the queue.  If time is given,
#            sendmail will run the queue every "time" mins.
#

--
Neal Pollack - Santa Monica College Telecommunications Department
N6YFM         1900 Pico Blvd., Santa Monica, CA 90405-1628
Voice: Work- 213-450-5150 x9845  Internet: [e-mail]
UUCP: uunet!ucla-cs!smcnet!neal  or  ...!csun!smcnet!neal

Return-Path: comp.mail.sendmail
>From: [e-mail] (Russ Nelson)
Date: 31 May 90 15:25:05 GMT
Subject: The algorithm for rewriting rules

A ruleset is like a subroutine that sendmail calls when it wants an
address transformed.  Sendmail calls rules 0 through 4 (or 6,
depending on your version) by itself.  You can call other rulesets as
subroutines.  Specific mailers can call rulesets for the sender or
recipient.

I can't find the algorithm for the application of the rewriting rules.  As
best I can determine from a source, this is it:

    Apply a rule.
    If it matches, rewrite it and apply the same rule again.
    If it doesn't match, try the next rule.

    If you start a RHS with $:, then after rewriting, apply the NEXT rule.
    If you start a RHS with $@, then after rewriting, exit this ruleset.
    If you start a RHS with $#, then after rewriting, exit this ruleset,
      and ruleset zero will see the $#, and use that information to deliver
      the mail using the given mailer.


    The picture given in the documentation that looks roughly like this:

          /----> 0 ----> resolved address
          |
       |           /---> 1 ---> S ---\
          |           |            |
  --> 3 ----->  D  ---|            |---> 4 ----> Message
              |            |
                      \---> 2 ---> R ---/

    is terribly misleading.  It should really looks like this:

 ---> 3 -------> 0 ----> resolved address

                      /---> 1 ---> S ---\
                      |            |
 ---> 3 ----->  D  ---|            |---> 4 ----> Message
              |            |
                      \---> 2 ---> R ---/

    My documentation is not clear on whether the envelope's recipient
    or the header's To: is used to deliver the message.

--
--russ (nelson@clutx [.bitnet | .clarkson.edu])  Russ.Nelson@$315.268.6667
Violence never solves problems, it just changes them into more subtle problems

>From: [e-mail] (Bill Mitchell)
Subject: List of 4.3BSD sendmail debugging flag values/actions
Date: 8 May 87 01:33:09 GMT
Organization: U of Arizona CS Dept, Tucson

Once again I found myself fooling with sendmail and as usual, I couldn't
locate my assorted sheets of notes about what debugging flags do what.
I decided to bite the bullet and go through and make notes about what
all the flags do.  It turned out to only take a couple of hours and the
results were fairly reasonable, so I thought I'd pass this information
along, for what it's worth.  I don't think I overlooked any of the debug
operations, but accidents will happen.

Note that I didn't follow the logic back far enough to note the conditions
when a particular debugging action would be executed.  For example, -d0.15
prints the configuration table only if the configuration file is read.

Here's the list.
---------------
 0 -- main.c, recipient.c, util.c
     0.1  -- don't fork in daemon mode, permit direct mailings to files,
         programs, and :includes:'s.
     0.4  -- print names for this host
    0.15 -- print configuration table
    0.44 -- printav() -- prints addresses of elements

 1 -- main.c, envelope.c
     1.1 -- main() -- prints From person

 2 -- main.c
     2.1 -- finis() -- print exit status and envelope flags

 5 -- clock.c
    5.4 -- print calls to tick
    5.5 -- print set/clrevent args
    5.6 -- prints event queue on each tick

 6 -- savemail.c
     6.1 -- print savemail() error mode and return-to-sender information
    6.5 -- trace states in savemail() state machine

 8 -- domain.c
     8.1 -- print various information regarding resolver operations
    8.8 -- set RES_DEBUG

10,11,13 -- deliver.c
    10.1 -- print various address information
    11.1 -- print openmailer() args
    13.1 -- sendall() -- print all addresses being sent to
    13.3 -- sendall() -- prints each addr in loop looking for failures
    13.4 -- sendall() --  follows above, printing who gets the error

15,16 -- daemon.c
    15.1  -- print port and socket numbers in getrequests()
    15.2  -- getrequests -- note forking/returning
    15.15 -- activate network debugging on daemon socket
    16.1  -- makeconnection() -- print host, addr, socket
    16.15 -- print network debugging on daemon socket

18 -- usersmtp.c
    18.1 -- note openmailer failure, note entry to reply,
         print smtpmessage() args

20 -- parseaddr.c
    20.1 -- print parseaddr() arg and result

21 -- parseaddr.c
    21.2  -- print rewrite() arg and result
    21.3  -- note ruleset subroutine call
    21.4  -- rewritten as ...
    21.10 -- note rule failure
    21.12 -- note rule attempt and success
    21.15 -- print replacement string in hex chars (?)
    21.35 -- print elements in pattern and subject

25 -- recipient.c
    25.1  -- print sendto() arguments
    26.1  -- print recipient in recipient() and duplicate suppression

27 -- alias.c
    27.1  -- print arg to alias(), print info about alias, note failure
          to open alias file, print arg to forward()

30 -- collect.c
    30.1  -- note EOH
    30.2  -- print eatfrom arg
    30.3  -- note addition of Apparently-To

31,32,33,14 -- headers.c
    31.6 -- print chompheader argument
    32.1 -- print collected header
    33.1 -- print crackaddr arg and return value
    14.2 -- print headers being commaized(?)

35 -- macro.c
    35.9  -- print define() args
    35.24 -- print expand() arg and return value

36 -- stab.c
    36.5 -- print stab args, sym found/not found, entered
    36.9 -- print hfunc value

37 -- readcf.c
    37.1 -- print info re option setting/values

40,41,7,51 -- queue.c
    40.1 -- note queue insertion and print queue contents
    40.4 -- show queue file contents
    41.2 -- note open failure on cf file.
    7.1  -- print info on envelope assigned to queue file
    7.2  -- print selected queue file name
    51.4 -- don't unlink x file

45 -- envelope.c
    45.1  -- print setsender argument

50 -- envelope.c
    50.1  -- print dropenvelope argument

52 -- main.c
    52.1 -- print i/o fd's for tty disconnection
    52.5 -- don't disconnect
---------------
                    Bill Mitchell
                    [e-mail]
                    {allegra,cmcl2,ihnp4,noao}!arizona!whm