home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
-
- SUBPROGRAM MPP
-
- This program helps apply Maxim's uP and pin-programmable filter
- products (MAX260-MAX264). PZ can be used to first define a filter function
- and to separate it into its second- and first-order components. MPP will
- then implement the sections either one at a time or in pairs. For filters
- requiring several pole pairs the program can be run repeatedly.
-
- Responding to prompts, the user enters the center frequency, Q and either the
- clock frequency or clock/center frequency ratio.
-
- Available modes are 1, 2, 3, 3A and 4.
-
- ***
- Allowed parameter ranges are roughly as follows:
-
- For Mode 1,3 and 4: Q = .45 to 90
-
- For Mode 2: Q = .63 to 127
-
- For Mode 1,3 and 4: clock ratio = 100-200 ( MAX260, MAX261, MAX263 )
- = 41-140 ( MAX262, MAX264 )
- For Mode 2: clock ratio = 71-141 ( MAX260, MAX261, MAX263 )
- = 28-100 ( MAX262, MAX264 )
- ***
- ERROR CORRECTION
-
- In all switched capacitor circuits a small sampling error causes the actual
- center frequencies and Q's to differ from the ideal values given by design
- texts or tables. Such errors are a predictable function of Q, clock/center
- frequency ratios and are largest with low selected Q's and low clock/center
- frequency ratios.
-
- This program is unique in that it takes these sampling errors into account.
- Just as a marksman aims high when using a rifle which he knows tends to
- shoot low, the program pre-compensates the output data so that the final
- result is on target. The corrections will be evident in the printed output
- when compared with "ideal" values from other design sources which do not
- assume a sampled system.
- ***
-
- ERRORS RELATING TO QUANTIZATION
-
- When clock frequency is specified and the program selects the clock ratio
- there may be an error in final center frequency due to the 6-bit resolution
- of the clock ratio. This error can be taken out by a small change in the clock
- frequency if that is possible.
-
- When the user defines the clock ratio, then the program will find the
- closest quantized value and calculate a clock frequency, which will result
- in zero error in center frequency.
- ***
-
- POWER-DOWN FUNCTION
-
-
- The MAX 260/261/262 parts are microprocessor programmable and the A and B sides
- can have independent digital settings for Q and clock ratio. In the case of
- the pin programmable MAX 263/264 the Q and clock ratio of the two
- sections must be the same. The special code 0000000 for Q is used for a
- power-down function in all of these parts, so special care must be taken
- in not using it to set Q. In the case of microprocessor parts MAX 260/261/262
- this restriction applies only to side A, where the power-down function takes
- place. In side B the 0000000 code does result in a valid Q value.
- ***
- GAIN OF NOTCH FILTERS IN MODE 3A
-
- When the program requires information to set the gain of notch filters it
- asks a question relating to:
-
- The frequency at which the gain is to be set ( DC or high frequency )
-
- Without further complicating the problem a simple rule to follow in answering
- this question is to set gain at zero Hertz or DC. If this is done for ALL
- the second order sections of a multi-section filter then the correct overall
- gain will be achieved.
- ***
- GAIN OF BANDPASS FILTERS
-
- When a bandpass filter composed of two or more second order sections is
- designed, the gain of the overall filter at the design center frequency needs
- careful consideration and these programs will provide aid in arriving at the
- proper gain.
-
- Suppose a bandpass filter with a center frequency of 1000 Hz is made in two
- second order sections with the following characteristics:
-
- Section 1: center frequeny = 771 Hz, gain at 771 Hz = 1.0 V/V
- Section 2: center frequency=1296 Hz, gain at 1296 Hz = 2.0 V/V
-
- The assumption that the overall filter would have a gain of 2, ( that is
- 2 times 1 ) would be incorrect since the overall gain is to be measured at
- 1000 Hz. There is a corrective factor needed to calculate the proper gain
- at 1000 Hz and it is given in the output of program PZ when the specifications
- of the individual sections are calculated. This factor is called the GAF or
- "Gain adjustment factor". Suppose that PZ gave a value for the GAF of 2.92.
- Then the proper value for the gain of the above system would be:
-
- Gain at 1000 Hz = 1.0 * 2.0 / 2.92 = 0.685 V/V
- ***
- PROGRAM OUTPUT
-
- The output of the program is sent to the screen and an opportunity is given
- to send it to a printer if one is available. The results are automatically
- sent to files:
-
- First design: file MPP1.R
- Second design: file MPP2.R, etc. up to 9
-
- ***