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- *****************************************************
- * *
- * TechPlot *
- * Technical Plotting and Data Processing *
- * TEST DRIVE v1.01 *
- * *
- * (c) Polysoft 1992 All Rights Reserved *
- * *
- * You may make copies or pass it to your *
- * friends freely *
- * *
- * Readme.doc *
- * *
- * Thank you for downloading TechPlot *
- *****************************************************
-
- Contents
-
- Part I. Getting Started
- 1. Starting and exiting
- 2. Accessing Help
- 3. How to contact Polysoft
-
- Part II. Tutorial
- Lesson 1: Data scatter plot and smooth curve
- Lesson 2: Multiple plot types
- Lesson 3: 3D plots
- Lesson 4: Curve fitting, confidence and prediction intervals
-
-
-
- *************************************************
-
- Part I. Getting Started
-
- *************************************************
-
-
- 1. Starting and exiting
-
- Once you have installed TechPlot , you should change to the directory
- that contains the TechPlot program files and type TECHPLOT at the DOS prompt.
-
- When you finish working with TechPlot, choose the File | Exit command
- or press <Alt-X> . If you have made any changes you haven't saved, TechPlot
- will ask if you want to save those changes before quitting.
-
-
- 2. Accessing Help
-
- You can get Help in TechPlot in the following two ways:
- · Press <Alt-H> or select Help on the main menu to bring up the Help menu,
- and then choose a proper Help command.
- · Press <F1> to display the help index directly, without going through the
- Help menu.
-
- 3. How to contact Polysoft
-
- If you should encounter any problems with TechPlot, or if you have any
- other comments or suggestions, please send your mail to
-
- Polysoft
- P.O. Box 526368
- Salt Lake City, UT 84152
-
- You can also call our technical support line between 9:00 a.m. and
- 5:00 p.m. Mountain Time at (801) 485-0466, or fax us at (801)-485-0480.
-
-
- *************************************************
-
- Part II. Tutorial
-
- *************************************************
-
- Welcome to the TechPlot tutorial. The following four lessons provide
- step-by-step instructions for designing a variety of plots. These lessons
- illustrate how various TechPlot functions work together to create
- publication-quality graphs.
-
-
- Lesson 1: Data scatter plot and smooth curve
-
- In this lesson, we will create the following plot as shown in Figure 1.
- This plot consists of a scatter data and a smooth curve. The smooth curve
- is created by a polynomial fitting of the observed data points.
-
- Step 1: Loading data from a disk file
-
- To load a data file from a disk file:
- · Choose the File | Open - Data Sheet command. The Open File dialog box
- will be displayed.
- · Select the data file named LESSION2.PSD, then click Open.
-
- This data file contains two columns of data ('TIME' and 'CONCENTRAT').
-
- Step 2: Fitting data via polynomial
-
- To fit the observed data via polynomial, follow the steps below:
- · Choose the Math | Fitting - Polynomial command, the Polynomial dialog
- box will be displayed.
- · Change the weighting factor to '2' and the order of polynomial to '5',
- then click OK. This will start the fitting process.
-
- After the fitting is completed, the Save Result Option dialog box will be
- shown on the screen to allow you select result saving options. For this
- example, save only calculated result. (This is the default setting) Click OK.
-
- Once the Save Result Option dialog box disappears, the Calculated Result
- dialog box is displayed with the result of curve fitting including parameter
- statistics. There is only partial of the result shown in the file viewer.
- To view the entire file, use the up and down arrow keys or the <PageUp> and
- <PageDn> keys. You can save this to a disk file by clicking on the Save
- button, or print it to a printer by clicking on the Print button. Choose OK
- to exit this dialog box.
-
- The calculated column be attached to the data sheet (immediately to the
- right of the existing columns). For this example, the column names will be
- 'Ind3' and 'Dep4'. 'Ind3' means it corresponds to an independent variable
- and the current column number is 3. 'Dep4' means it corresponds to a
- dependent variable and the current column number 4.
-
- Step 3: Selecting plot type and options
-
- To create a new graph, choose the Plot | 2D Curve - XY Line command. We
- are going to add two curves to the plot:
- · Select 'TIME' as x-axis and 'CONCENTRAT' as y-axis for curve #1, then
- click the Add Curve button or press <Alt-A>.
- · Select 'Ind3' as x-axis and 'Dep4' as y-axis for curve #2, then click
- the Add Curve button or press <Alt-A>.
- · Click OK.
-
- Since curve #2 is the fitted curve, it should be plotted as a continuous
- curve. TechPlot will calculate extra points to make it a smooth curve. You
- will see a green bar growing on the status bar which indicates the progress
- of smooth curve calculations. Once the calculation is done, the plot is
- created and shown in a new Plot View window.
-
- Step 4: Changing the curve format
-
- By default, all data are connected by lines. Since you want to compare
- the observed data with fitted curve, you should make the observed data
- points disconnected. To do this, you simply select curve #1 by clicking on
- it and choosing the line tool (line button [\]) in the edit toolbox.
-
- You may also disable the x-grid lines: double click the graph or select
- the graph and choose the Format | Object Format command, the Frame Format
- dialog box will be displayed. Uncheck the XGrid check box and click OK.
-
- Step 5: Adding annotation and legend
-
- To add annotations to the graph, perform the following steps:
- · Choose the Text Tool ([T] button) and click mouse at the position where
- you want put the text.
- · The Text Format dialog box will be displayed immediately. By default,
- the text string is 'Hello'. You can change it to whatever you want.
- You can add 'Observed Data' and 'PolyFitted Curve' to the plot. Make
- the size of both text strings to '30' by '30'.
-
- After completing steps 1 - 5, you will see the Figure 1 on the screen.
-
-
- Lesson 2: Multiple plot types
-
- The objective of this lesson is to create a graph that contains multiple
- plot types. We will create a graph that contains two type of plot: a smooth
- curve and a histogram chart. The graph will be rotated by an angle of 35
- degree. The legend of this graph are grouped objects of symbols and text
- objects.
-
- Step 1: Automatic generating data
-
- As an example, we will generate data inside TechPlot. Perform the
- following steps to generate a Gaussian distribution data set:
- · Choose the File | New - Data Sheet command to create a new data sheet.
- · Choose the Data | Fill Selection - Gaussian command to create a Gaussian
- Normal distribution data column.
- · In the Fill Selection: Gaussian dialog box, we enter the data range from
- column 1 to 1 and row 1 to 5000. We use 0 as mean and 1 as deviation.
- Click OK.
-
- The 5000 data points then are created and put on the data sheet. Change
- the column name to RawData. After this, choose the Math | Special -
- Histogram command to create histogram data. This command will display the
- Create Histogram Data dialog box. In this dialog box, enter '15' for the
- number of intervals, the destination of resulting columns will be '2' and
- '3'. Click OK or press <Alt-O>. The resulting column names are 'Intvl2'
- and 'Count3' which stand for interval number and data number counts,
- respectively.
-
- Step 2: Creating a histogram plot
-
- Choose the Plot | 2D Special - Histogram command to create a histogram
- plot. In the plot setup dialog box, choose column 'RawData' and enter '15'
- for the number of intervals in the Interval field, then click OK. Then plot
- is created and shown in the Plot View window.
-
- Step 3: Switching between Plot View and Sheet View.
-
- Switch back to the data sheet by choosing the Window | Next (<F6>) command
- (or Window | List if you have more than two windows opened).
-
- Now, we fit the 'X' and 'Y' data using a natural spline with 6 nodes. To
- do this, choose the Math | Fitting - Spline command. In the Natural Spline
- dialog box, set column 'Intvl2' as Independent Variable, and column 'Count3'
- as Dependent Variable. We also set the node to '6' and weight factor to
- '0'. Click OK to start fitting. After successful fitting, we save the
- results (just the calculated result, not confidence and prediction interval).
- The resulting columns are 'Ind4' and 'Dep5'. After the above math
- operations, switch back to the plot view by choosing the Window | Next
- (<F6>) command.
-
- Step 4: Adding another smooth curve
-
- Now, let's add the spline fitted data to this histogram plot:
- · Select the histogram graph, not on the bars.
- · Choose the DataPlot | 2D Curve-XY Line command.
- · Add a new curve with 'Ind4' as 'X' and 'Dep5' as 'Y'.
-
- The following plot will be shown on your computer screen.
-
- Step 5: Rotating a graph
-
- Select the graph and choose the View | Rotate command. An instruction
- message in the status line says "use arrow keys to rotate, and Enter key to
- stop." So, use the arrow keys to rotate the plot! While you are rotating
- the graph, a frame box will show the current position of the plot. Once a
- satisfactory position is reached, press <Enter> to end the rotating action.
-
- Next, change the x-axis range to [-4,4] with major tick mark number 7 and
- minor tick number 1. Disable both x-axis and y-axis grid lines and change
- the plot title to 'Multiple Plot Types'.
-
- Step 6: Grouping objects
-
- After rotating the graph, you can add some annotations.
-
- First, add some descriptive text for both curves. Second, add a math
- equation to describe the Gaussian distribution. To do this, choose the
- text tool and click on the spot where you want to put the equation. For
- this example, choose the right-top corner. Then type in the text exactly
- as shown below:
- Y=K*e\u-c*(X-m)\u\s2
-
- Group all of these annotations together and move to somewhere else.
- Choose the Option | Group command, then move your mouse cursor to the
- left-top corner of the text. Press the mouse button and drag it to include
- all text objects. A big rectangle with four highlighted corners will
- surround these objects. Now these text objects are grouped as one object.
- You can then select it or move it to your desired location. (to left-top
- corner, for example)
-
- After these operations, you will see the graph of Figure 2 on your screen.
-
-
- Lesson 3: 3D plots
-
- In this lesson, you will learn several 3D plot editing techniques.
-
- Step 1: Creating a 3D surface graph
-
- Load the data set LESSON7.PSD. This data set contains three columns of
- data as listed below:
-
- Latitude Longitude Collection
- 1 4 5
- 2 2 3
- 6 3 5
- 4 1 4
- 3 3 6
- 5 2 7
-
- We will create a 3D surface (mesh) graph using observed data by means of
- the 3D-mesh option. For this example, we will use the powerful 3D mesh
- creation feature to create a 3D mesh surface with 30 meshes. To do this,
- perform the following steps:
- · Choose the Plot | 3D Surface - XYZ command.
- · Enter the following dialog box data:
- Latitude -> X; Longitude -> Y; Collection -> Z
- xMeshNum=30, yMeshNum=30
- · Choose OK to create a new graph.
-
- The default angle rotation for X, Y, Z axes are: 0, 30 40. To see this
- graph from another angle, let's resize and rotate it. First, perform a 2D
- resize action by selecting the graph and dragging one of the corners to a
- bigger size such that the entire graph fills the Plot View window. Then,
- do the 3D rotation as follows:
- · Select the graph and choose the View | Rotate command. Notice that
- the toolbox is changed to 3D rotation tools with arrow buttons and
- input-lines.
- · Change axes angles. You can either click on those arrow buttons or type
- in a number in the inputline box and click the Apply button. For precise
- demonstration, type in the angles for x, y, and z axes as 0, 25, 132,
- respectively.
- · Click the Done button to go back to the normal Plot View.
-
- Now the graph is better looking and is shown in Figure 3.
-
- Step 2: Creating 3D contour plot
-
- Make a copy of the above surface plot by selecting it and choose the
- Edit | Copy command. Then create a new Plot View window by choosing the
- New | Plot command, and paste the surface plot to the new Plot View window
- by choosing the Edit | Paste command. In order to add contour level lines
- to the 3D surface, you must select it and then choose the Format | Contour
- command. The Contour dialog box is then displayed. In this dialog box, a
- default value of contour level is show in the New Contour input-line. This
- value is the middle value of the z-axis range. You can then enter new
- values and use the Add command button to add contour level values. The
- maximum number of contour lines is 10. For this example, we add seven
- contour level values: 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5. Change the x-axis range
- to [1,6] and z-axis range to [0,8]. The graph is shown in Figure 4 below.
-
- Step 3: Making a 3D function plot
-
- Now let us create a 3D spherical surface graph. To do this, we first
- create a new Plot View by choosing the File | New - Plot command. Then
- choose FuncPlot | 3D Sphere Surface command. You will see the default
- dialog box setting as follows:
- Z=Y/360.0*cos((X-90)*PI/180).
- xMin:=0.0; xMax=180; xSteps=20.
- yMin=0.0; yMax=450; ySteps=30.
-
- Click the OK button to accept the default settings. When the new graph is
- created in a Plot View window, rotate it to (0, 30, 150) and change its
- x-axis range to [-0.2, 1]. The new graph is shown in Figure 5.
-
-
- Lesson 4: Curve fitting, confidence and prediction intervals
-
- Nonlinear curve fitting is very useful in developing experimental models
- and in data processing. TechPlot offers several least-squares fitting
- methods and parameter statistics analyses. Among these features, the
- confidence and prediction intervals are often used to verify the goodness
- of a model and goodness-of-fit to the experimental data. In this lesson,
- you will create a graph with observed data, fitted curve, confidence
- intervals, and prediction intervals.
-
- Step 1: Performing user-defined nonlinear curve fitting
-
- Load the data set LESSON8.PSD. This data set contains two columns of data.
- To fit the data using a user-defined model, we choose the Math | Fitting -
- User-defined command. The Fitting dialog box is then displayed. In this
- dialog box, the default model template is shown in the model editor. Next
- load the model file LESSON8.EQN by choosing the Load command. The model
- equation is as follows:
-
- [INDVAR]: T
- [DEPVAR]: Y
- [PARAMS]: A, B, C, D
- [EQUATIONS]:
- Y=A/(1+EXP(B*(TT-C)))+D
-
- [INIT PARAMS]:
- A=115
- B=0.12
- C=110
- D=42
-
- ENDMODEL
-
- Step 2: Changing the error in the model equation editor
-
- Choose the Compile command to compile the model. An error message will be
- displayed to indicate that there is a missing variable. This error is
- reported by the built-in function parser. In the above equation, there is
- a typo in the 'Y=A/(1+EXP(B*(TT-C)))+D' equation. 'TT' should be 'T', the
- independent variable. To correct the error, move the mouse cursor to the
- equation line that contains 'TT' and click on 'TT'. Use the <BackSpace>
- key or the <Del> key to delete the extra 'T'. Then choose the Compile
- command again. If the compilation is successful, all the three numerical
- method command buttons will be activated. For this lesson, we choose the
- Powell's method to fit our data. That is the Powell command button.
-
- Step 3: Saving the fitting result
-
- After the fitting is completed, the Save Result dialog box will be
- displayed. In this dialog box, you can check the saving options. For this
- lesson, we save all data (data, conf, pred, parameters).
-
- After the Save Result dialog box disappears, the Calculated Result dialog
- box is shown. All the parameter statistics and goodness-of-fit statistics
- are listed in the file viewer.
-
- After calculation, all data are shown in the data sheet. The observed
- data columns are 'T' and 'Y'; Calculated data columns are 'Ind4' and 'Dep5';
- Parameter values in column 'Param3'; Confidence interval columns are
- 'ConfL7' and 'ConfH8'; Prediction interval columns are 'PredL9' and
- 'PredH10'.
-
- Step 4: Creating the plot
-
- Choose the Plot | 2D Curve - XY Line command and add observed data and
- calculated curves to the same graph. To do this, perform the following
- steps:
- · Add curve #1: observed data 'T' and 'Y'.
- · Add curve #2: calculated data 'Ind4' and 'Dep5'.
- · Add curve #3: lower confidence interval band 'Ind4' and 'ConfL6'.
- · Add curve #4: upper confidence interval band 'Ind4' and 'ConfH7'.
- · Add curve #5: lower prediction interval band 'Ind4' and 'PredL8'.
- · Add curve #6: upper prediction interval band 'Ind4' and 'PredH9'.
- · Click the OK button. Then the graph is shown in a new Plot View
- window.
-
- Next, create several text objects to mark each curve. Also edit the model
- equation on the top-right corner with parameter values. The annotations for
- each curve and the parameter values are straightforward. Creating the
- equation is more complicated. Use the equation editor to create 1+e^B(T-C)
- first, then create other text objects 'Y=', 'A', and '+D'. Use the editor
- tools to move them together and make the equation. Finally, use the group
- option to group these text objects together. After they are grouped, you
- can treat them as one plot object. With some arrangement, you should be a
- ble to see the following graph on the screen..
-
-
- After all these lessons, you should be an expert on TechPlot. Use it and
- have fun!
-