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- Password protection and related matters
- =======================================
-
- Powerbase is able to provide three levels of password protection. None of
- the sample databases has any passwords set, so you may examine the password-
- setting dialogue box which is accessed from the 'Miscellaneous' submenu. If
- passwords have been defined then an attempt to open the database leads to a
- request for a password. This is not readable as you type it in; all the
- characters are replaced by hyphens. If Powerbase does not recognize the
- supplied password it bleeps and prints an error message in red then prompts
- for the password to be re-entered.
-
- The lowest password level is 'Read'. A user opening a database with the
- 'Read' password will be allowed to browse and search, examine validation
- tables and print lists, but not much else. Many of the buttons on the keypad
- will be shaded (the same ones as are shaded during printing and indexing, in
- fact) and so are quite a few menu items. In particular, the whole of the
- 'Miscellaneous' submenu is unavailable, thus preventing you from getting at
- the other passwords!
-
- The next level, 'Write', allows more operations. Everything on the keypad is
- now allowed, including the altering, creation and deletion of records. You
- may also create indices and create and edit validation tables. What you
- still cannot do is change the other passwords or alter the size and
- structure of the database by means of options on the icon bar menu.
-
- The top level is 'Manager'. Now, at last, you are allowed to set and alter
- passwords, as well as use all the icon bar menu options. Passwords may be up
- to 10 characters long and are case-specific. Note that when you are setting
- the two lower ones they can be read but the 'Manager' password appears even
- here as a row of hyphens. Take care not to forget it! If no passwords at all
- are set you have full 'Manager' rights so you may ignore the password
- facility altogether if you are the only user of the database.
-
- If you decide to use passwords you may not wish to use all three levels of
- protection and are not compelled to do so. You may set a 'Manager' level
- password only, leaving the other two blank. When you attempt to open the
- database in such circumstances the password-entry window appears because
- Powerbase can't read your mind and doesn't know whether you're the Manager
- and wish to enter your password or whether you're a lower-level user being
- given limited access without needing a password. If the latter you would
- simply click on 'OK' or type RETURN, thus entering a null password. This
- would give you 'Write' access. If you set the 'Manager' and 'Write'
- passwords then entering a null password as described would give you 'Read'
- access.
-
- Of course it makes no sense to set a low-level password and leave a higher
- level one blank! Powerbase will prevent you from doing this in the following
- way. If there is a 'Read' password but no 'Write' password Powerbase makes
- the 'Write' password the same as the one for 'Read'. Similarly, if there is
- a 'Write' password and no 'Manager' password the latter is made the same as
- the 'Write' password. This means that setting only the 'Read' password
- actually makes all three passwords identical. At what level are you then
- admitted when you enter this password? 'Manager', of course - otherwise you
- could never get 'Manager' level access again! The rule is a simple one: when
- two or more of the passwords are identical you are always given the higher
- level rights when using that password.
-
- Option buttons in the password-setting window
- =============================================
- As well as the icons for the three passwords you will see eight option
- buttons or "switches" which may be used to enable or disable certain
- features of Powerbase so that you can customise your database to some
- extent. The reason for putting them here is that they may only be altered by
- someone who has 'Manager' rights since that is the only access level which
- allows you to open this dialogue box. All the switches except the last
- ('Log changes') are 'on' by default so that all the named features are
- enabled. If you deselect any of these switches the feature concerned will
- cease to operate immediately and will remain inoperative every time the
- database is opened unless you set the switch to re-enable it.
-
- The first switch determines whether or not the keypad is displayed when the
- database is open. You might want to make a database application in which
- only a limited selection of control buttons - perhaps 'start', 'end',
- 'next', 'previous' and 'search' - are to be used. This can be done by
- placing the required buttons on the record screen itself (see 'Create') and
- suppressing the keypad by deselecting its switch in the 'Passwords' window.
- You might also wish to prevent the main menu and/or the icon-bar menu from
- appearing when the user clicks MENU. Another switch stops the keystroke
- equivalents of the keypad buttons from operating.
-
- The fifth switch ('Data export') causes the 'Export subset' and 'Export CSV'
- entries on the main menu to be shaded, thus cutting the user off from these
- facilities. The sixth ('Reports') does the same for the 'Print' function.
-
- Duplicate primary keys
- ----------------------
- The last switch determines whether the database is allowed to have repeating
- primary keys or not. As mentioned elsewhere ('Create') the primary key
- should, ideally, be unique for each record. Sometimes the very nature of the
- data will make it so but, if this is not the case, you can enforce primary
- key uniqueness by deselecting this switch. Any attempt to enter a record
- which would have a primary key identical to one which already exists will
- then result in an error message and the new record will not be placed in the
- file.
-
- If you decide to allow duplicate primary keys (and this is the default,
- remember) you might still want to be warned that such a key is about to be
- created. The last choice on the icon-bar's 'Utilities' submenu allows you to
- turn this warning on or off. When the item is ticked an attempt to create a
- duplicate key causes a message to be displayed with the choice of cancelling
- the operation or going ahead and accepting record with the repeated key. If
- the item is not ticked the record is written to the file with no warning.
- Note that this option is under 'Manager' control since that's the only level
- which gives access to the 'Utilities' submenu.
-
- Please note that the two paragraphs above refer only to the PRIMARY key.
- Other, subsidiary, keys which are generated when you create an index on some
- other field (see 'Indexing') are NOT subject to these restrictions and may
- be repeated many times.
-
- Log changes
- -----------
- When this switch is selected Powerbase will maintain a log which notes when
- the database is opened and closed and details of many significant changes
- made to the records. The following changes are logged:-
-
- (1) Creation of a new record.
- (2) Deletion of a record.
- (3) Shifting a record to another subfile.
- (4) Changing one or more fields in a record.
- (5) Changing a field globally throughout a subfile.
- (6) Creating an index.
- (7) Balancing an index.
- (8) Changing the primary key
- (9) Reformatting the database.
- (10) Merging data from another database.
- (11) Importing CSV-type data.
-
- Note that in cases (9)-(11) no details of the changes are logged; simply the
- fact that the event took place and, in (10) and (11), the name of the source
- database or file. Changes to validation tables are not logged. (6) and (7)
- record the name of the index involved. (8) records the previous primary key
- structure.
-
- To start a log file select the switch in the 'Passwords' window. A 'Save'
- box will appear offering you a default filename ("Log") and a default path
- for the log file. The latter points to the database directory itself, so
- simply clicking the 'OK' button in the 'Save' box, or typing RETURN, will
- create an open file there called "Log". You may, of course, type in some
- other name and drag the file icon to any filer window you wish. This is
- especially useful if the database is used independently by several people
- and you wish to vet its usage, since the pathname of the log file is never
- displayed during normal use.
-
- As long as the 'Log changes' switch remains selected the log file will be
- opened whenever the database is opened. The title of the database is
- recorded and the password level at which entry was achieved. This takes the
- form of a number with the following meaning:-
-
- 0 no password required
- 1 read only
- 2 read/write
- 3 manager
-
- The date and time is also recorded.
-
- When you close the database the log file is also closed, the date and time
- being again recorded.
-
- All changes logged indicate in which subfile the change was made. If it
- involves moving a record to a different subfile the destination subfile is
- noted. When fields are altered both the old and new contents are logged.
-
-