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- NOVELL TECHNICAL INFORMATION DOCUMENT
-
- TITLE: NIP318.EXE; NetWare/IP 1.1 Maintenance
- README FOR: NIP318.EXE
-
- NOVELL PRODUCTS and VERSIONS:
- NetWare/IP 1.1
-
- ABSTRACT:
-
- NIP318.EXE contains a patch for NetWare/IP 1.1 (for NetWare 3.12
- and 4.02 servers ONLY). Includes both fixes and enhancements
- including support for new parameters. NIP318 is strongly
- recommended for all NetWare/IP 1.1 sites with NetWare 3.12 and
- NetWare 4.02, and supersedes all previous patches to NetWare/IP
- 1.1 for NetWare 3.12 and NetWare 4.02, including special compiled
- versions.
-
-
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
- DISCLAIMER
- THE ORIGIN OF THIS INFORMATION MAY BE INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL TO
- NOVELL. NOVELL
- MAKES EVERY EFFORT WITHIN ITS MEANS TO VERIFY THIS INFORMATION.
- HOWEVER, THE
- INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS FOR YOUR INFORMATION
- ONLY. NOVELL
- MAKES NO EXPLICIT OR IMPLIED CLAIMS TO THE VALIDITY OF THIS
- INFORMATION.
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
- SYMPTOM:
-
- 1. Server crash due to memory corruption.
-
- 2. Badly formatted output for "stat", etc., when running on
- NetWare 3.12.
-
- 3. Hanging with NetWare 3.12 on a NetFrame machine.
-
- 4. Not showing all RIPs and SAPs.
-
- 5. Client received network errors and was unable to login to
- servers.
-
- 6. On a heavily loaded machine, NWIP/IPX gateway could not
- resolve SAP/RIP information for NWIP client.
-
- 7. Server abends resulting from truncated DNS packets.
-
- 8. NWIP client unable to get a NWIP parameter over a slow link.
-
- 9. Cache timeouts.
-
- 10. Server hangs while unloading NAMED.NLM.
-
- 11. Failure to create an accurate replica database (a local
- copy of the zone database imported from the master/primary DNS
- server), an invalid response to Start of Authority (SOA) and Name
- Server (NS) queries.
-
- 12. If SAPs were received at too fast a rate, some where
- dropped.
-
- 13. When NetWare DNS was a DNS replica, unexpected responses
- from the master, resulted in repeated queries leading to a
- timeout.
-
- SOLUTION:
-
- - Apply NIP318.EXE as described below.
-
- - In addition, for symptom number 11, update the Domain Name
- Server.
-
- To Update the Domain Name Server
- --------------------------------
- The NAMED.NLM included in NIP318.EXE contains a fix for servers
- that use the old NAMED.NLM that came with NFS Gateway 1.1/1.2 and
- NetWare/IP 1.1. Therefore, Domain Name only requires updating on
- servers that use the NAMED.NLM replica function.
-
- 1. After installing NIP318.EXE according to the directions
- below, do ONE of the following:
-
- -- A. Manually delete the zone database file on the DNS replica
- servers. To locate the zone database file on the servers, search
- for the entry that begins with the keyword "secondary" in
- SYS:ETC/NAMED.CFG. After you delete the zone database file, load
- the new NAMED.NLM.
-
- For example, in the entry: SECONDARY FOO.COM
- 1.2.3.SYS:ETC/DNS/ZONE.DB
- the zone database file is ZONE.DB.
- Then go to the SYS:ETC/DNS/ directory and delete ZONE.DB.
-
- -- B. Manually edit the serial number field in the SOA record
- for the zone at the master name server to increment the number by
- one digit. To locate the file to edit, search for the entry that
- begins with the keyword "primary" in the SYS:ETC/NAMED.CFG file.
-
- Self-Extracting File Name: nip318.exe
-
- Files Included Size Date Time
-
- ..\
- NIP318.TXT (This file)
- ..\NWIP1\
- PCONFIG.DAT 950 4-21-95 11:00:42 am
- PCONFIG.HLP 2183 7-29-92 1:27:20 pm
- PCONFIG.NLM 15934 9-17-93 6:03:06 pm
- PFILES.DAT 2589 5-26-95 1:56:52 pm
- PINSTALL.HLP 6798 6-21-93 2:53:24 pm
- PINSTALL.NLM 132824 3-21-94 11:45:58 am
- P_UNINST.HLP 892 7-27-92 12:02:08 pm
- P_UNINST.NLM 72042 11-8-93 6:40:06 pm
- SPACE.DAT 10 2-1-93 3:58:28 pm
- ..\NWIP1\PUBLIC\
- NWIPMAP.E11 140433 9-28-93 2:30:42 pm
- NWIPMAP.EXE 288277 3-21-95 8:07:18 pm
- ..\NWIP1\PUBLIC\NLS\
- 1252_UNI.001 727 5-31-94 11:39:46 am
- 437_UNI.001 727 4-4-94 11:22:20 am
- 850_UNI.001 727 4-4-94 11:22:24 am
- UNI_1252.001 2264 5-31-94 11:39:48 am
- UNI_437.001 2904 4-4-94 11:22:24 am
- UNI_850.001 2776 4-4-94 11:22:28 am
- UNI_COL.001 1752 4-4-94 11:22:18 am
- UNI_MON.001 4312 4-4-94 11:22:18 am
- ..\NWIP1\PUBLIC\NLS\ENGLISH\
- NWIPMAP.M11 3401 8-24-93 3:58:18 pm
- NWIPMAP.MSG 7821 8-24-93 3:58:18 pm
- ..\NWIP1\PUBLIC\NLS\NWIP11\
- 1252_UNI.001 745 1-26-93 5:10:24 pm
- 437_UNI.001 818 1-26-93 4:57:46 pm
- 850_UNI.001 837 1-26-93 4:57:56 pm
- UNI_1252.001 733 1-26-93 5:10:32 pm
- UNI_437.001 977 1-26-93 4:57:56 pm
- UNI_850.001 906 1-26-93 4:58:06 pm
- UNI_COL.001 1063 1-23-93 2:24:24 pm
- UNI_MON.001 1406 1-23-93 2:23:46 pm
- ..\NWIP1\SYSTEM\
- DSS.NLM 92553 3-25-95 11:01:22 am
- NAMED.NLM 52092 5-26-95 3:43:02 pm
- NETDB.NLM 57940 3-8-94 2:25:02 pm
- NWIP.NLM 124044 5-12-95 6:35:38 pm
- NWIPADM.HLP 10796 4-19-95 4:12:48 pm
- NWIPADM.NLM 53338 4-27-95 12:04:20 pm
- NWIPAGT.NLM 10625 4-20-95 6:44:28 pm
-
-
- Installation Instructions:
-
- CAUTION: Do not delete all of the original NWIP 1.1 software from
- the server. NIP318 replaces only some of the NWIP1.1 files.
-
- 1. Backup your current NetWare/IP files.
-
- 2. At a the console of a server that already has NetWare/IP 1.1
- installed,
- create a new directory named NIP318 on any valid NetWare volume.
- MD NIP318
-
- 3. Copy NIP318.EXE into the new directory.
-
- 4. Type NIP318 <enter> to extract the files.
-
- 5. From the server console, activate the installation program by
- typing: LOAD INSTALL <enter>
-
- 6. Select PRODUCT OPTIONS.
- The Currently Installed Products Menu appears and lists the
- following
- products:
- NWIP 1.1 NetWare/IP
- NWUPD 1.1B PTF-F191 NetWare/IP Patch
-
- The NWUPD entry will only appear in the list if you have
- previously applied the NIP191 patch.
-
- 7. If the NWUPD entry appears, highlight it, and hit DELETE to
- remove it.
-
- 8. Press <Insert>
-
- 9. Press <F3> to install the files in NIP318.
- The "SPECIFY DIRECTORY PATH" dialogue box will appear.
-
- 10. Type in the path to the directory where the NIP318 files
- were extracted. Example: SYS:\NIP318\NWIP1 <Enter>
-
- 11. If previous patches remain, the NIP318 install will prompt
- you to remove them before proceeding.
-
- After the installation program installs the files, the
- "Currently Installed
- Products" menu will appear listing:
- NWIP 1.1 NetWare/IP
- NWUPD 1.1C PTF-F318 NetWare/IP Patch
-
- 12. Exit the Installation program or press <ALT>+<ESC>.
- The system console prompt will appear.
-
- 13. Although your current NetWare/IP client will continue to
- work after you apply NIP318, we strongly recommend that you also
- update your NetWare/IP client by downloading NIPW21.EXE (it will
- be in the same Library as NIP318.EXE).
- The IP Client in NIPW21.EXE provides:
- --- better IPX compatibility.
- --- support for the NMS NET Explorer Automatic Discovery
- function.
- --- support for the NWIPMAP.EXE included in NIP318.
- --- support for other new features included in NIP318.
-
- 14. If a NWIP server is a non - forwarding gateway, it does not
- send information learned from the IPX side to the DSS. We
- encourage you to designate one or two NWIP/IPX servers as
- forwarding gateways and avoid having other servers as gateways
- (forwarding or non-forwarding), with no gateways configured as
- non - forwarding.
-
- A NetWare/IP client, connected to a non-forwarding gateway, may
- be able to see a server using "SLIST" and yet not be able to
- connect to that server.
-
- NIP318 gives you the ability to set up "Forwarding NWIP/IPX
- Gateways" but, the default is non-forwarding.
-
- To configure the "Forward IPX to DSS" parameter on a NetWare/IP
- server, use the UNICON utility.
-
- Start at the UNICON utility's Main Menu and select the
- following:
- -> Manage Services
- ----> NetWare/IP
- -------> Configure NetWare/IP
-
- The NetWare/IP Server Configuration screen will appear:
- EXAMPLE
- |NetWare/IP Domain: nwip.novell.com|
- |Preferred DSSes: <see form> |
- |Initial DSS Contact Retries: 3 |
- |Retry Interval: 4 seconds |
- |Slow Link Customization: <see form> |
- |Forward IPX Information to DSS? No |
-
- Select the "Forward IPX Information to DSS?" field, and specify
- your selection.
-
- If you changed a parameter, return to the console prompt and
- type:
- UNISTOP <Enter> to unload the NetWare/IP modules from memory.
-
- Then Type: UNISTART <Enter> to start the modules again.
-
- NOTE:
- a) Forwarding cannot be changed dynamically.
- The command-line option /forward=yes (or /forward=no) can be
- used only at load time (not at run-time).
-
- AND
-
- b) Forwarding specification on the command line always overrides
- the forwarding specification in the NWPARAMS file.
-
- c) When NWIP is loaded with the option "/forward=no" for the
- first time, it can be loaded again with the option "forward=yes",
- and it will dynamically change to a forwarding gateway, but not
- vise versa. If you want to change the forwarding gateway to a
- non-forwarding gateway, you have to unload and reload the NWIP
- again.
-
- The forwarding feature can be enabled(disabled) either by
- specifying a command line switch at load time or through UNICON
- under the configure NetWare/IP server option.
-
-
- 15. NetWare/IP Server Configuration
- -----------------------------------
- If you download NIPW21.EXE for your clients, and wish to
- configure the server to utilize the new parameters which will be
- available if you do, start the UNICON utility. AFTER you finish
- changing parameters, return to the console prompt and type:
- UNISTOP <Enter>
- to unload the NetWare/IP modules from memory.
-
- Then Type: UNISTART <Enter> to start the modules again.
-
- 15A. To Configure the "Initial DSS Contact Retries" Parameter
- At the main UNICON screen select:
- -> Manage Services
- ----> NetWare/IP
- -------> Configure NetWare/IP
-
- The NetWare/IP Server Configuration screen will appear:
- EXAMPLE
- |NetWare/IP Domain: NWIP.NOVELL.COM|
- |Preferred DSSes: <see form> |
- |Initial DSS Contact Retries: 3 |
- |Retry Interval: 4 seconds |
- |Slow Link Customization: <see form> |
- |Forward IPX Information to DSS? No |
-
- Change the "Initial DSS Contact Retries" field to the desired
- number of retries.
-
-
- 15B. To configure the "Retry Interval" parameter:
- At the main UNICON screen select:
- -> Manage Services
- ----> NetWare/IP
- -------> Configure NetWare/IP
-
- The NetWare/IP Server Configuration screen will appear:
- EXAMPLE
- |NetWare/IP Domain: NWIP.NOVELL.COM|
- |Preferred DSSes: <see form> |
- |Initial DSS Contact Retries: 3 |
- |Retry Interval: 4 seconds |
- |Slow Link Customization: <see form> |
- |Forward IPX Information to DSS? No |
-
-
- 15C. To configure the "Preferred DSS" Parameter
- At UNICON's Main Menu, select the following:
- -> Manage Services
- ----> NetWare/IP
- -------> Configure NetWare/IP Server
- ----------> Preferred DSSes:
-
- The Preferred DSSes (Host/IP Address/Network) screen appears.
- Hit ENTER and a form screen will appear for you to fill in.
- EXAMPLE
- Preferred DSS #1: 20.19.0.0
- Preferred DSS #2: 120.5.1.1
- Preferred DSS #3: 127.39.1.0
- Preferred DSS #4: 128.0.0.0
- Preferred DSS #5: sanjose
-
-
- 15D. For a NetWare/IP domain configured to span WAN links, you
- can configure the "Tunable Parameters":
-
- --- For a NetWare IPX client that occasionally times out or
- disconnects while accessing remote servers
-
- --- To control the network traffic between DSS servers and
- NetWare/IP servers, and between the primary DSS server and
- secondary DSS servers
-
- --- To optimize an IPX client that occasionally times out or
- disconnects while accessing remote servers, you can configure the
- Ticks Between Nodes Tunable parameters.
-
- These parameters specify the approximate one-way time for a
- packet to travel, in ticks, between two NetWare/IP nodes on the
- same IP subnetwork, same IP network, and different IP networks.
- A tick equals 1/18th second.
-
- You can estimate the time for a packet to travel between nodes
- on the same subnetwork, same network, and different networks, by
- using the NetWare PING utility.
- To access the Ping utility, enter: LOAD PING ip_address
- at your system prompt.
-
- To change the "Tuneable Parameters", at UNICON's Main Menu,
- select:
- -> Manage Services
- ----> NetWare/IP
- -------> Configure Primary DDS
- ----------> Tunable Parameters
-
- The "Tunable Parameters" will screen.
- EXAMPLE
- |UDP Port Number for NetWare/IP Service: 43981 |
- |DSS-NetWare/IP Server Synchronization Interval: 5 |
- |Primary-Secondary DSS Synchronization Interval: 5 |
- |Maximum UDP Retransmissions: 3 |
- |UDP Checksum? No |
- |Ticks between Nodes on the Same IP Subnet: 2 |
- |Ticks between Nodes on the Same IP Net: 4 |
- |Ticks between Nodes on Different IP Nets: 6 |
-
- Configure the last three parameters on the list:
- - Ticks between Nodes on the Same IP Subnet:
- - Ticks between Nodes on the Same IP Net:
- - Ticks between Nodes on Different IP Nets:
-
- The example shows the defaults, which in most cases are
- sufficient.
-
- If modifying the Ticks Between Nodes Tunable parameters does not
- completely solve your timeout problems, you can configure the
- NetWare/IP servers for host/networks across slow WAN links from
- which they send and receive packets. Specifically modify the
- tick values on the NetWare/IP servers that act as IPX/IP gateways
- and/or send and receive packets over slow WAN links.
-
- Specify a remote IP network/host address and the approximate
- one-way time (in ticks) to ping a remote host on the other side
- of the slow link using UNICON.
- You can specify up to five network/host-tick pairs.
-
- Use the NetWare Ping utility to estimate the time for a packet
- to travel the slow links.
- To access the Ping utility, enter: LOAD PING ip_address
- at your system prompt. Use the average the PING utility
- calculates.
-
- At UNICON's Main Menu, select the following:
- -> Manage Services
- --> NetWare/IP
- -----> Configure Primary DDS
- --------> Slow Link Customizations:
-
- A Remote Access Via Slow Links screen will appear.
- EXAMPLE
- |Network/Host IP Address Tick Value |
- |atlanta 2 |
- |127.39.0.0 20 |
- |<none assigned> <none assigned>|
- |<none assigned> <none assigned>|
- |<none assigned> <none assigned>|
-
- To optimize the network traffic between DSS servers and
- NetWare/IP servers, and between the primary DSS server and
- secondary DSS servers, you can modify the following Tunable
- parameters on the primary DSS server.
- Using UNICON, access the "Tunable Parameters" screen, as
- previously
- described, and modify the following:
-
- - "DSS-NetWare/IP Server Synchronization Interval", which
- specifies how often a NetWare/IP server queries a DSS server for
- updated information. The default is five minutes.
-
- If you want the latency between the servers and their DSS
- servers to be small at the expense of extra local traffic,
- specify a smaller value for this parameter (particularly if your
- configuration gives each site its own DSS server).
-
- - "Primary-Secondary DSS Synchronization Interval", which
- specifies how often a secondary DSS server queries the primary
- DSS server for update information.
- The default is five minutes.
-
- If you reduce the traffic between the primary and the secondary
- DSS servers at the expense of higher DSS-DSS latency (if your
- configuration spreads DSS servers across WANs), specify a larger
- value for this parameter.
-
- 16. Administrators will not ordinarily need to increase the
- maximum size of the packet queues maintained by DSS for storing
- SAP and RIP packets or, increase the maximum number of TCP
- connections.
-
- However, the DSS.NLM in NIP318 allows you to configure those
- values by adding the following lines to the DSS section of the
- SYS:ETC\NWPARAMS file of any DSS server you wish to modify.
-
- - To increase the maximum size of UDP packets to be greater than
- the default of 64, add the line:
- MAX_UDP_PKTS <n1>
- where <n1> is a decimal integer greater than 64.
-
- - To increase the maximum size of the packet queues to be
- greater than the default of 16, add the line:
- MAX_TCP_CONNS <n2>
- where <n2> is a decimal integer greater than 16.
-
- 17. Registered/Unregistered DSS Servers
- After you have applied both NIP318 and NIPW21 you have the
- option of either registering DSS servers (entering them in the
- DNS database) or not registering them.
-
- DSS Server Registered with DNS
- A registered DSS server is visible to all NetWare/IP nodes
- through DNS. Each registered DSS server has corresponding NS
- records in the DNS database, which identify it as a name server
- for the NetWare/IP domain. When a NetWare/IP host queries DNS
- for the location of the nearest DSS server, DNS will only return
- a listing of registered DSS servers, because they are the only
- DSS servers it knows about.
-
- DSS Server Unregistered with DNS
- A NetWare/IP node cannot locate an unregistered DSS server by
- issuing a DNS query. Instead, the NetWare/IP node must be
- provided the name or address of the unregistered DSS server as
- part of its preferred DSS server listing.
- For example, you may want to designate a DSS server that is
- isolated from the rest of the NetWare/IP internetwork by a WAN
- link as an unregistered DSS server to prevent NetWare/IP servers
- from redirecting their queries to this DSS server when other
- closer DSS servers are busy or down.
-
- Using unregistered DSS servers can help in overcoming a
- deficiency of most DNS implementations -- a reply to a DNS query
- can not exceed 1.5K bytes.
-
- If there are more nameservers than a DNS packet can accommodate,
- all nameserver entries may not be returned in response to an NS
- query. This deficiency of DNS implementations can be bypassed by
- using unregistered DSS servers. An administrator can use an
- unregistered DSS to designate exactly which DSS server a
- NetWare/IP node should use.
- This gives the administrator better control of DSS server
- utilization and load balancing.
-
- 18. Using NetWare/IP with the NetWare Management System
- --------------------------------------------------------
- NIPW21 provides better IPX compatibility and support for the NMS
- NET Explorer Automatic Discovery function.
-
- The default value for NWIP1_1 COMPATIBILITY is set to "OFF" to
- enable the
- automatic discovery function with NIP318 client installation.
-
- NWIP1_1 COMPATIBILITY OFF
-
- If you have a mixed NetWare/IP environment in which the servers
- have either NetWare/IP v1.1 or this update installed, set the
- value to ON and then
- no automatic discovery.
-
-
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
- Any trademarks referenced in this document are the property of
- their
- respective owners. Consult your product manuals for complete
- trademark
- information.
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-