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In
cyberspace and elsewhere, 24 hours
is a day. But in the global environment, where change is always
pressing its foot on the accelerator, those 1,440 precious minutes
can be a lifetime. In the time it takes to complete this first
24 Hours in Cyberspace, 31,507 acres
of rain forest will be destroyed, 74
species will vanish, 16
million tons of carbon will be pumped into the air and people will
generate more than 700,000 tons of garbage.
That's the bad news.
The good news is Cyberspace equips us with a new set of tools to respond to
these threats. The
Internet and other new information
technologies cannot turn back the ecological clock, of course. But they can help
environmental scientists push back the frontiers of knowledge and help ordinary citizens
grasp the urgency of preserving our natural world.
Cyberspace, for instance, is deepening citizens' understanding of the global
environment. Through programs like GLOBE, which President
Clinton and I launched two years ago, students from all over the world are aiding the
scientific community by taking environmental measurements in their communities and
reporting their findings over the Internet. The kids learn from the experts, and the experts
learn from the kids.
Indeed, growing numbers of children are now plugging into resources once available
only to leading scientists. In classrooms around the country, teachers are employing multimedia
presentations to simplify complex environmental and scientific concepts. For instance, some
schools are using
previously classified images from spy satellites that show
the extent of environmental degradation in certain portions of the world. Imagine: these
extraordinary images have migrated from the government's secret files to the desktops of
America's schoolchildren.
The larger consequence is equally significant: Information on stewardship of the
Earth is no longer limited to
the experts. Inhabitants of almost every nation on the planet can get rich, detailed
data about the environment. For example, visitors to the
United States Geological Survey Homepage can monitor deforestation in Amazonia and
Southeast Asia by viewing actual color images beamed from satellites.
In addition to democratizing information, Cyberspace enhances the ability of experts
to learn from each other. No longer does it take a major international conference to bring
the world's
leading scientists together to share insights or collaborate on strategies. Online communication
allows a group of scientists to work together and exchange data, even if the men and
women of the group are sitting in different countries. Some scholars regularly participate in
discussion groups to debate thorny global issues. Using this cost-effective and time-efficient approach,
researchers can spend more time and resources on finding facts and
less time exchanging data and traveling from place to place.
Here's an example of this new approach to science: Pat Ellison, a geologist from the
Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., was recently conducting a
study on environmental and landscape factors affecting rivers in eastern and central Africa.
Unable to find experts on the issue in Washington, D.C., she submitted a request through
the Internet on the
Aquatic Conservation Network, an online community of scientists.
Within 24 hours she received five responses from researchers in Europe, North America
and northern and southern Africa who were either authorities on East African rivers or were
able to provide information on how to contact experts in the region. By reaching out to
this emerging virtual world, she was able to secure the information she needed to complete
her research.
Such knowledge is important for its own sake, of course. But it is also important
because knowledge is so often the prelude to action. History has shown that people armed
with information about their world understand the urgency of protecting it and are more
willing to act. After all, it was information in the form of
Rachel Carson's brilliant
"Silent Spring" that helped ignite a generation of environmental action. Cyberspace can
have a similar impact. For example, under right-to-know laws that require polluters
to disclose emissions of toxic chemicals to the public, a citizen with access to a public
library or a home Internet connection can discover if any pollutants are being released into
the air or land in their neighborhoods. It's called the
toxic release inventory, and online activists are
using it to keep their neighborhoods safe and clean. What's more, this local activism is
forging links between citizens who live in different communities -- sometimes even
different continents -- who share common concerns.
Cyberspace is also yielding new techniques for addressing environmental concerns --
for example, natural disasters like the recent flooding on the U.S. East Coast and
volcanic eruptions like
the Philippines' Mount Pinatubo that disrupt ecosystems and unleash environmental devastation. Or consider
Volunteers In Technical Assistance (VITA). This group used satellite
communications for an electronic mail system that tracked the spread of the
ebola virus
in Zaire and across Africa.
At the same time, Cyberspace is helping avert environmental problems in the first
place. As more people use their computers to work at home,
fewer cars rumble across our highways and pollute our air.
In the course of these 24 hours, for example, more than a
million gallons of gas will be saved because people choose to telecommute instead of drive.
The same is true for video conferencing, which also cuts company costs and reduces
community pollution. And offices themselves are reducing the amount of paper they use
as e-mail replaces paper mail and company "intranets" replace interoffice memorandums.
By the end of this day, some 16 million e-mail messages will criss-cross the globe, and as
always, I'll be contributing to that total.
But more than delivering information to scientists, equipping citizens with new
tools to improve their world and making offices cheaper and more efficient, Cyberspace is
achieving something even more enduring and profound: It's changing the very way we
think. It is extending our reach, and that is transforming our grasp.
Just as the car extended the power of our feet and the television extended the
power of our eyes, new computing and information technologies are extending the power
of our brains. We can now cast our minds into previously uncharted waters and use
modeling and visualization to navigate these seas. And as we explore this larger world, we
achieve a new relationship with our natural world. What we consider our environment
reaches beyond our back yards, beyond even the immediate realm of our senses.
By enlisting Cyberspace to change the way we think, we are creating the conditions
for changing the way we act. And that is literally changing our world.
Not bad for a day's work -- even for 24 hours in Cyberspace.
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