Physically-based, Anatomic Modeling for Construction of Musculoskeletal
Systems
by Victor Ng-Thow-Hing
Supervisor: Eugene Fiume
Project Description
We are developing an anatomically-based modeling system that integrates
both the physical and geometric properties of muscle and tendon for the
purpose of constructing and simulating musculoskeletal systems. Our goal
is to create a muscle model that can be embedded with physical properties
to enable animation of active muscle contraction and other inertial effects
as the muscles move with their underlying bones.
This is work in progress for my PhD thesis. Updates of the work and
related technical publications can be found at: http://www.dgp.toronto.edu/people/victorng/research.html.
Examples
Note that all animations are in Quicktime format.
Example 1: Shoulder muscles were added to a human skeleton model.
Animation 1 is a turntable animation showing the
muscles attached to the skeleton.
Animation 2
shows the skeleton flexing with subsequent deformation in the muscles.
Example 2: Animation 3 shows an example
of possible applications for reconstructing leg motion and musculature
for part of a deinonychus dinosaur. The musculotendons have been made transparent
to allow the bones underneath to be visible.
Example 3: Sequence of frames are displayed in Animation
4 that illustrate how the muscles are created by first sketching profile
curves directly onto the bones. The muscles can be subsequently textured
or made transparent for visualization. Step through the frames of this
animation slowly to observe the distinct stages of musculotendon construction.
Example 4: Profile curves are generated from a serial dissection
of human soleus muscle. Animation 5 shows how
fibers can be generated and visualized within the volume of the muscle.
Example 5: Animation 6 has simulated
muscle fibers in the human soleus specimen (posterior fiber region) contracted
while maintaining constant volume. Notice how the volume preservation forces
cause the fibers to straighten up in orientation while contraction takes
place. This has been observed in ultrasound video.