Using Equation Editor

Equation Editor lets you insert equations into a WordPerfect document.

In this section, you'll learn about

* creating equations
* 
* selecting equations
* 
* moving equation elements
* 
* formatting equation elements
* 
* setting default spacing of equation elements
* 
* adding nonmathematical phrases to equations
* 
* deleting equation elements and equations
* 
* adding equations to the list of preset equations
* 
* creating matrices in equations
* 
Creating equations

Equation Editor lets you insert preset equations into a WordPerfect document. You can also build your own equation by inserting preset templates and symbols.

Symbols are single characters, such as logic symbols and Greek characters. A template consists of a symbol and, in some cases, writeable areas, or slots, for adding variables or other elements. For example, a fraction template provides two slots, one for the numerator and one for the denominator, that are separated by a line (). You can insert these equation elements by choosing them in Equation Editor or by using shortcut keys.

Each equation you insert into a document is treated as one item rather than individual symbols or characters. The equation is inserted into a document inside a graphics box, which you can move, size, and edit. For more information about formatting a graphics box, see "Using graphics and text boxes."

To insert a preset equation

1	Click where you want to insert an equation.

2	Click Insert  Equation.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Click Presets.

5	In the Equation presets dialog box, choose an equation from the Choose a preset list.



You can also	

Insert a symbol	Open the Symbol picker, and click a symbol.

Insert a number	Open the Number picker, and click a number.



To insert a symbol into an equation by using a shortcut key

1	Select the equation in which you want to insert a symbol.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click where you want to insert a symbol.



To insert	Press CTRL + K, and press

	I

	A

	D

	< or SHIFT + <

	> or SHIFT + >

	T

	E

	SHIFT + E

	C

	SHIFT + C



The following shortcut keys attach the indicated mark to the character to the left of the cursor.



To apply	Press

	CTRL + SHIFT + HYPHEN

	CTRL + SHIFT + ~ (CTRL + SHIFT + " on some keyboards)

	CTRL + ALT + - (hyphen)

	CTRL + ALT + '

	CTRL + SHIFT + " (CTRL + SHIFT + ~ on some keyboards)

	CTRL + ALT + .



Note

* In Equation Editor, the SPACEBAR is disabled unless the active style is Other. However, when you apply Standard or Greek styles, you can insert spaces into an equation by using shortcut keys. For information about styles, see "Formatting equation elements."
* 
To insert an equation template by using a shortcut key

1	Click where you want to insert an equation template into a document.

2	Click Insert  Equation.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.



To insert	Press

	CTRL + ) or CTRL + (

	CTRL + ] or CTRL + [

	CTRL + SHIFT + } or CTRL + SHIFT + {

	CTRL + F

	CTRL + /

	CTRL + H

	CTRL + L

	CTRL + J

	CTRL + R

	CTRL + I

	CTRL + T, then N

	CTRL + T, then S

	CTRL + T, then P

	CTRL + T, then M

	CTRL + T, then U



Note

* Keyboard shortcuts such as CTRL + T, then N indicate a two-step process; that is, first press CTRL and T, release those keys, and then press N.
* 
To insert a space in an equation by using a shortcut key

1	Select the equation in which you want to insert a space.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click in the equation where you want to insert a space.



To insert	Press

a zero space	SHIFT + SPACEBAR

a thin space	CTRL + ALT + SPACEBAR

a figure space	CRTL + SPACEBAR

an em space	CTRL + SHIFT + SPACEBAR



Selecting equations

After you create an equation, you can manipulate it as necessary. For example, you can select an equation or elements of it, including a template and a slot in a template.

To select an equation

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Double-click the equation.



You can also	

Select an element in an equation	Click the beginning or end of an equation element, hold down SHIFT, and press one of the following arrow keys:  

Select a template in an equation	Double-click the template.

Select a slot in a template	Double-click the slot.



Tip

* If an equation contains a slot or template, and you want to select the entire equation, double-click outside the slot or template. Double-clicking inside the slot or template selects only the contents of the slot or template.
* 
Moving equation elements

You can move an equation element up, down, and to the left or right.

To move an equation element

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Select an element.

5	Press one of the following:

* CTRL + 
* 
* CTRL + 
* 
* CTRL + 
* 
* CTRL + 
* 
Note

* The distance by which the selection moves depends on the current display scale; for example, at 100% the distance is 1 point; at 200% it is 0.5 point; at 400% it is 0.25 point.
* 
Formatting equation elements

Equation Editor lets you change the color and style of an equation element and apply a different style to a character that you add to an equation. You can also specify new size and font settings to change the default formatting of an equation.

To change the color of an equation element

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Select an equation element.

5	Click Color.

6	In the Color dialog box, click a color on the palette.

To change the style of an equation element

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Select an equation element.

5	From the Style list box, choose one of the following:

* Standard-lets you use the predefined style or font that conforms to mathematical typesetting conventions
* 
* Greek-lets you use Greek characters
* 
* Other-lets you define a style or font
* 
6	From the Size list box, choose one of the following:

* Normal-lets you use the formatting of the paragraph that contains the equation
* 
* Subscript-lets you use the defined subscript size
* 
* Sub-subscript-lets you use the defined sub-subscript size
* 
* Symbol-lets you use the defined symbol size
* 
* Sub-symbol-lets you use the defined sub-symbol size
* 
* Other-lets you specify a size
* 
To apply a different style to a character that you add to an equation

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Click where you want to add a character in the equation.

5	Press one of the following keyboard shortcuts:

* CTRL + G-assigns a Greek style
* 
* CTRL + B-lets you specify a style (Other)
* 
To change the default formatting of an equation

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Font tab.

4	Type a value in any of the following boxes:

* Subscript/superscript-lets you change the subscript and superscript sizes
* 
* Sub-subscript/superscript-lets you change the sub-subscript and sub-superscript sizes
* 
* Symbol-lets you change the symbol size
* 
* Subsymbol-lets you change the sub-symbol size
* 
5	From the list boxes in the Font area, choose the font and style you want for the Greek lowercase, Greek uppercase, and Symbol characters.

Notes

* If you specify a percentage for the font size setting, the font size adjusts to reflect any changes made to the font size of the paragraph that contains the equation.
* 
* Choose the Symbol font for symbol characters to ensure that they display correctly.
* 
Setting default spacing of equation elements

You can set the default space settings for elements in an equation. Changing the default space settings affects all the similarly placed elements in an equation.

To set the default spacing of an equation element

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Spacing tab.

4	Choose an element from the list.

The corresponding dimension is indicated in the image on the left side of the dialog box.

5	Choose a unit of measure from the list box, and type a value in the box.

Note

* Percentage is the default unit of measure. Using a percentage makes the spacing proportional to the rest of the text in the paragraph. For example, if you change the font size of the paragraph, the equation changes proportionally. If you use any other unit of measure, the equation does not adjust if the font size of the paragraph into which it is inserted changes.
* 
Adding nonmathematical phrases to equations

You can add a nonmathematical phrase, such as "for all, " to an equation.

To add a nonmathematical phrase to an equation

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Click where you want to add the phrase.

5	Choose Other from the Style list box.

6	In the Explicit font properties dialog box, choose a font and a font style from the list boxes.

7	Click OK.

8	Type the phrase in the box.

9	Choose Standard from the Style list box.

Deleting equation elements and equations

You can delete an equation, elements of an equation, the contents of a slot, and a template. You can also delete an equation without deleting the graphics box that contains it, or you can delete both the equation and the graphics box.

To delete an equation element

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Click an equation element.

5	Press DELETE.



You can also	

Delete the contents of a slot	Double-click a slot, and press DELETE.

Delete a template	Double-click a template, and press DELETE.

Delete an equation	Double-click an equation, and press DELETE.

Delete an equation and its graphics box	Click an equation, and press DELETE.



Note

* If you want to delete a slot from a template, not just the contents of the slot, you must delete the entire template and replace it with the correct one.
* 
Adding equations to the list of preset equations

Equation Editor provides preset equations that you can insert into a document. You can also create your own equation files and add them to the existing preset equation file by using a text editor. For information about creating an equation, see "Creating equations."

To insert an equation into the list of preset equations

1	Click Insert  Equation.

2	Click the Edit equation tab.

3	Click Presets.

4	In the Equation presets dialog box, click File.

5	Right-click the default.epf file, and click Open with.

6	In the Open with dialog box, choose a text editor.

7	Type the equation using the EQN Language commands and the formatting instructions provided in the default.epf file.

Note

* If you want to create your own list of presets, follow the instructions provided in the default.epf file and use the EQN Language commands. You must save equation preset files in ASCII format and use the filename extension .epf. If you save preset files to the same location as the default.epf file, the preset equation list displays with the default.epf file. If not, you can locate the file from the Look in list box.
* 
Creating matrices in equations

You can create column vectors, determinants, matrices, and other tabular layouts in equations. For example, you can create three-element row and column vectors, 2 X 2 or 3 X 3 matrices, or variable-sized matrices using the templates available in Equation Editor. The first nine templates allow you to create vectors and matrices with common sizes. The last three templates let you create a custom matrix or table using the following options.

Column align

This option positions entries horizontally in each column, according to the alignment you choose.

Equal column width

This option adjusts column widths so that each column is the same width as the widest column. If you do not enable this option, Equation Editor determines the width of each column individually.

Row align

This option positions entries vertically in each row, according to the alignment you choose.

Equal row height

This option adjusts the row heights so that each row is the same height as the tallest row. If you do not enable this option, Equation Editor determines the height of each row individually.

Row and column spacing

You can adjust row and column spacing. You can change the Matrix Column Spacing and Matrix Row Spacing parameters.

Partition lines, tables, and boxes

You can create various types of lines to partition the matrix by clicking the gaps between the matrix cells. Clicking a gap once produces a solid line. Clicking the gap again changes the solid line to a dashed line. Clicking the gap three times changes the dashed line to a dotted line, and clicking the gap four times removes the partition line. You can also create lines around the matrix by clicking around the outside of the matrix cells. By placing lines between matrix cells and around the outside of matrices, you can construct tables. You can also enclose an equation in a box by creating a 1  1 matrix with solid lines around its edges and creating an equation within the single matrix slot.

To insert a matrix in an equation

1	Select an equation in the document.

2	Click Edit  (Open) equation object.

3	Click the Edit equation tab.

4	Click where you want to insert the matrix.

5	Open the template picker at the bottom right, and click a matrix template.

6	If the chosen template is a variable size matrix, fill in the appropriate matrix settings.

7	Click OK.

8	Click in each slot, and add the equation elements you want.