CD image: The exact representation of all the data contained in a CD, stored in a large file on Hard disk
Sector: A DATA CD is a sectored media, which means that the whole CD is organized in small parts called sectors. The sector is the minimal entity that can be manipulated.
A CD sector has a size of 2448 bytes.
Uncorrectable C2 error: Type of error in data sectors that can't be corrected by the error correction mechanism. A sector with such an error is unreadable in theory. Sometimes, uncorrectable C2 errors are used in anti-copy protection schemes.
Subcodes: Small additional information stored on CD for mechanical synchronization and head positioning purpose. Sometimes, specific subcodes are used in anti-copy protection schemes.
TOC: Table Of Content of a CD. The TOC is a summary of the CD.
RAW mode writing: The data sent to the CD writer by the recording application will be written 'AS IS'. The CD writer doesn't perform any validation or correction on the data it receives.
COOKED mode writing: All the data sent to the CD is validated, and corrected if necessary before it is written onto the media.
SAO: Session At Once. All tracks of a given session are written uninterrupted. Lead-in and Lead-out zones are under the responsibility of the CD writer (so they are generated automatically, with the information provided by a CUE SHEET sent to the CD writer). This mode can be either RAW or COOKED.
DAO: Disk At Once. The full CD is written from the very beginning (the Lead-in) to the very end (the Lead-Out). This mode is RAW and can't be COOKED.