| |
long time ago |
not long time ago |
now |
future |
| Sociology |
preindustrial society |
industrial society |
interstage (Vygotsky) |
information society (Bell, Luhan, Gibson, Toffler) |
| Philosophy |
many different positions (analogy with a cave) |
???
(Perelman, Dwyer, Healy) |
| Psychology |
no personality |
one personality (Freud) |
multiple personality (Turkle) |
| Cognitive Psychology |
N/A |
static storage model |
dynamic model of human brain (Bush, Chugani) |
| Pedagogy |
programmed learning |
advanced programmed learning (Clark, Kouba) |
constructivism (Piaget, Woolfolk, Schank) |
| Technology |
rod |
chalk, film, radio (Edison, Levenson) |
TV, computer, internet (Negroponte, David, Lesgold) |
| Computer science |
N/A |
machine code (Feil) |
object-oriented programming (Schwartz) |
| Common Sense |
whipping |
memorizing (Stoll) |
project-oriented learning (David) |
life long learning (Schweitzer) |