Chapter 14 Kernel Parameters 14.1 Drivers in the Kernel There is a wide variety of PC hardware components. In order to be able to use this hardware properly, you need a "driver" with which the operating system (in Linux, the "kernel"), can access this hardware. In general there are two ways of integrating drivers into your system: * The drivers can be compiled directly into the kernel. Such a kernel ("in one piece") is referred to as a monolithic kernel. Some drivers are only available in this form, justifying the need for mono- lithic kernels. * Drivers can be loaded on demand into the kernel, which is then referred to as a modularised kernel. This has the advantage that only those drivers are loaded which really are needed, and the kernel thus contains no un- necessary ballast. Our SuSE boot disk kernel makes use of modules to support most hard- ware configurations. Some drivers do not yet exist as modules. Regardless of whether the drivers are compiled directly into the kernel or are loaded as modules, it is still possible that a hardware component may not be recognized by the kernel. If this is the case, you have the option of specifying component attributes more exactly. For monolithic kernels these parameters must be given at the boot prompt or by means of a boot loader.1 Modular drivers get their parameters via insmod or modprobe, which load the module itself simultaneously. Unfortunately, the format for LILO parameters is different from that for pa- rameters for insmod and modprobe. For this reason they are divided into two different groups in the following pages. A few modules now have unified parameters (e. g., CD-ROM drives), so that the same parameters can be given whether you are using modules or the LILO prompt. 1 For this reason the parameters are also called LILO parameters, named after the time-honoured loader for X86 architectures 325 14. Kernel Parameters 14.2 Some Tips Before we present the list of parameters, here are some hints on recognizing hardware, adding parameters and booting with the SuSE boot disk: * Most drivers can do an autoprobing, e. g., test different standard addresses where this hardware can usually be found. While autoprobing, a driver might initialize an address that does not belong to it. This can cause the machine to hang. * Some modules can be loaded successfully, even if their hardware is not installed. This applies mainly to 3Com network card drivers. You should try autoprobing first. Unused drivers can be easily removed. Hardware that is not automatically recognized must then be started using the appro- priate parameters. * Finally, there are some hardware components that have more than one driver (e. g., NCR 53C810, Ultrastor). As far as we know, there is no sig- nificant difference between the two Ultrastor drivers. The BSD driver for NCR53C810 also supports other NCR53C8xx products (e. g., 53C875), whereas the old NCR driver is the only one that recognizes CD writers. Use the one that suits your needs. * If you have just booted, the American keyboard will still be active. If your keyboard has an alternate layout, some keys may be slightly different. For example, if you have a German keyboard, the the = sign will be ' on the keyboard. z and y are swapped round. To compare, take a look at Figure 14.1. Figure 14.1: The layout of a US keyboard 14.3 The Parameters 14.3.1 Notations and Meanings Below you will see an alphabetical list of kernel parameters and the corre- sponding devices. The following parameters always have the same meaning: hexadecimal port address, (e. g., 0x300) Table 14.1: continued overleaf. . . ... 326 14.3. The Parameters interrupt the device will use (e. g., 7) DMA channel of the device (e. g., 1) , hexadecimal memory allocation for shared memory Table 14.1: Frequently used variable names for kernel parameters We are mainly concerned with the parameters that are required for a success- ful installation. But there are other parameters for special aims and purposes. Please keep in mind that upper case letters are significant. A complete introduction to possible kernel parameters can be found after installation in the BootPrompt-HOWTO, in /usr/doc/howto as well as in the kernel sources in the file /usr/src/linux/Documentation/ kernel-parameters.txt. 14.3.2 Kernel Parameters at the Boot Prompt The parameters listed in this section can only be entered to the kernel, for example, at the SYSLINUX (supplied bootdiskette), at the LILO-Prompt or via loadlin If you plan to install one of these drivers as a module, please look at the parameters in Section 14.3.4 page 339. All parameters must be entered directly one after another, separated by commas. There should be no blanks (whitespace) between the parameters. For example, to enter the parameters for the aha1542 at the boot prompt you should enter (please keep in mind that you always have to precede the parameters with the boot configuration's name; on SuSE boot disks this is the configuration with the name linux!): linux aha1542=0x300 General Boot Parameters By means of certain parameters the general behavior of the Linux kernel can General be controlled. parameters * Reboot mode (shutting down Linux) reboot= Here, you have the following values for : Variable Values / Meaning warm warm reboot (no memory check) cold cold reboot (with memory check) bios BIOS reboot hard CPU crash reboot (triple fault) 327 14. Kernel Parameters Example: reboot=cold This boots the machine after shutdown as if the reset button had been pressed. * Protecting memory segments (Reserve) reserve=,,...,, By means of this parameter, you can reserve memory space for hardware which does not like being autoprobed, and reacts with a system crash, for example. Example: A "sensitive" network card can be protected from being auto- probed and initialized by entering: reserve=0x330,32 ether=5,0x330,eth0 In this example, the network card has a 32 bit data bus which starts at address 0x330 and uses interrupt 5. For the full description of network card parameters, see Section 14.3.2 page 335. * Passing root partitions root= Variable Values / Meaning e. g., /dev/hda1, /dev/sdb5 Example: root=/dev/hda5 This boots the kernel and tries to load the root partition from the first logical drive in the extended partition to the first (E)IDE hard disk. * Size of RAM (RAM) mem= You may enter the size of RAM in bytes, kilobytes or megabytes. Our example shows the different settings for 96 MB RAM. Example: mem=96M mem=98304k On some rare occasions it might happen that the mainboard cannot free the total amount of RAM. Please subtract the amount of memory the mainboard reserves (up to 512 K is considered normal). The exact amount can only be found by "trial and error". Let's assume that it is 512 KB for our example: mem=5ff8000 When using a Pentium clone mem=nopentium this line might make it work. 328 14.3. The Parameters The SCSI Controller and the SCSI Subsystem Most SCSI controllers can be configured via parameters. SCSI controller * SCSI Streamers st=,[,] Variable Values / Meaning Buffer size (Amount of 1 KB block) Write threshold (Amount of 1 KB blocks) Maximum buffer size (optional) (e. g. 2) Example: st=1000,2000 * Number of SCSI devices per ID max scsi luns= Variable Values / Meaning 1..8 Example: If you want to use only the first LUN you need to set max scsi luns=1 This is typically used for imperfect CD changers where the amount of usable CDs equals the parameter max scsi luns=1. * Adaptec AHA-1520 / 1522 / 1510 / 1515 / 1505 SCSI host adapter aha152x=,,[,[,]] Variable Values / Meaning (SCSI ID of the host adapter) 0, 1 (reconnect) 0, 1 (parity) 0, 1 This driver is used to run multiple low-cost SCSI controllers. All sound cards with a SCSI controller (except for Pro Audio Spectrum) can be accessed using the installed Adaptec chip. For all non-original 152x, the fourth parameter (RECONNECT) seems to be necessary. For most types, it has to be set to `0'. Only the AHA2825 needs `1'. Example: aha152x=0x300,10,7 * Adaptec AHA-1540 / 1542 SCSI host adapter aha1542=[,,[,]] Variable Values / Meaning 2..15 1..64 5,6,7,8,10 Example: aha1542=0x300 329 14. Kernel Parameters * Adaptec AHA-274x / 284x / 294x Hostadapter aic7xxx=[,[, ...]] Variable Values / Meaning extended activates translation of hard drive geometry no reset disables reset of the SCSI bus at the host adapter initialization irq trigger: Only for Eisa systems 0 for flange triggered, 1 for lever driven verbose receive more messages reverse scan If multiple cards are treated in the wrong order by the BIOS 7895 irq hack: -1 only for Tyan II Motherboards pci parity: if pci parity is not used at all parity is even 0 no parity check 1 parity odd tag info:,,,,,, Queue management for performance enhancement, for experts, see kernel sources Example: aic7xxx=no reset, if the machine hangs while resetting the SCSI bus. parameters for aic7xxx based SCSI host adaptors are only necessary if they are faulty or malfunctioning. From BIOS version 1.3 onwards the AHA-2940 AU causes no trouble. Updates may be obtained from Adaptec support. The SCSI hostadapter Adaptec 2920 is driven by the Future Domain driver (see Section 14.3.2 on the next page) * AdvanSys SCSI host adapter advansys=,,..., Example: advansys=0x110,0x210 This example tells the kernel to search for the AdvanSys host adapter at the given addresses. * AM53/79C974 SCSI host adapter AM53C974=,,, 330 14.3. The Parameters Variable Values / Meaning the host adapter's SCSI ID (often 7) the device's SCSI ID (often 0..7) 3,5,10 MHz/s max. transfer rate transfer mode; 0 = asynchron If the host adapter seems to "swallow" some packages, reduce the max- imum transfer rate for this device (e. g., the first CD-ROM SCSI drive /dev/scd0 with ID 5) on the SCSI bus with: Example: AM53C974=7,5,3,0 * BusLogic SCSI host adapter BusLogic= BusLogic= Example: BusLogic=0x300 Variable Values / Meaning Address of the adapter, e. g. 0x300 NoProbe No adaptor is probed NoProbeISA No ISA adapter is probed NoProbePCI No PCI adapter is probed NoSortPCI Order of multimaster adapter set by PCI BIOS MultiMasterFirst Multimaster before Flashpoint FlashPointFirst Flashpoint before Multimaster InhibitTargetInquiry For old devices that cause trouble with scsi luns > 0 TraceProbe outputs additional messages at initialization of the adapter TraceHardwareReset outputs additional messages at the adaptor hardware reset TraceConfiguration outputs additional messages at the adaptor configuration TraceErrors outputs error messages of the attached devices Debug outputs all This host adapter understands even more parameters. These are for fine tuning the adaptor and are described in /usr/src/linux/drivers/ scsi/README.BusLogic * Future Domain TMC-16x0 SCSI host adapter fdomain=,[,] Variable Values / Meaning SCSI ID of the host adapter 0..7 This driver also controls the Adaptec 2920. Example: fdomain=0x140,11,7 331 14. Kernel Parameters * Future Domain TMC-885/950 host adapter tmc8xx=, Example: tmc8xx=0xca000,5 * NCR 5380 SCSI host adapter family ncr5380=,, Example: ncr5380=0x340,10,3 * NCR 53c400 SCSI host adapter family ncr53c400=, Example: ncr53c400=0x350,5 * NCR 53c406a SCSI host adapter family ncr53c406a=[,[,]] Variable Values / Meaning 0, if no fast PIO mode is required Example: ncr53c406a=0x330,10,0 * Seagate ST01/02 SCSI host adapter st0x=, Example: st0x=0xc8000,5 * Trantor T128/128F/228 SCSI host adapter t128=, Example: t128=0x340,10 (E)IDE Controllers and ATAPI Devices (E)IDE Numerous parameters are available to configure the (E)IDE controllers and controllers the devices connected to them. ATAPI Devices * ATAPI CD-ROM on the (E)IDE controller hd=cdrom hd=serialize Variable Values / Meaning a, b, c, d where: Variable Values / Meaning a master on 1st IDE controller b slave on 1st IDE controller c master on 2nd IDE controller d slave on 2nd IDE controller Example: an ATAPI CD-ROM as master on the secondary IDE controller is set by hdc=cdrom. 332 14.3. The Parameters * Hard Drive hd=,,[,[,]] Variable Values / Meaning a, b, . . . , h 1 to 8. Hard Drive number of cylinders number of heads number of sectors cylinders after which write compensation is used interrupt If the BIOS is an old one, it is possible that the geometry of the hard drive is not recognized correctly. The correct parameters will then be passed on so that the kernel can still access the complete hard drive. Example: hdc=1050,32,64 hd= Variable Values / Meaning a, b, . . . , h 1st to 8th hard drive noprobe, if testing an existing hard drive causes problems none ignore CMOS entry and don't test nowerr ignore WREE STAT-bit cdrom wrongly recognized as hard drive or not recognized at all, or will not boot autotune the fastest PIO mode is used slow adds a long break after each access. This makes it really slow, but it sometimes helps if it is the only option left If a CD-ROM drive is not recognized reliably, specifying can register the device safely. Example: hdd=cdrom * EIDE controller chipsets Some EIDE controllers have faulty chipsets or cause problems if the sec- ondary controller is used. Many of these chipsets are now supported in the kernel; this support needs to be specially activated, however, using a kernel parameter. The following chipsets can be configured: 333 14. Kernel Parameters CMD 640 This chipset is found on many mother- boards. Since it contains many bugs, the kernel offers a special support which recog- nizes the chip and bypasses the problems. Moreover, in some cases, use of the sec- ondary controller is only possible by using this special support. In PCI systems, this chip is automatically recognized. For VLB systems, the following parameter is needed: ide0=cmd640 vlb. RZ 1000 This chip is used on many motherboards that use the Neptune chipset and it is buggy. If support for this chip is activated, the sys- tem works a little slower but reliably. An additional activation with a kernel parame- ter is not required. DTC-2278 Only activating this driver via ide0=dtc2278 makes it possible to use the secondary controller. Holtek HT6560B The following parameter is needed to activate the secondary controller: ide0=ht6560b. QDI QD6580 If this driver is activated, it enables a higher speed: ide0=qd6580. UMC 8672 For activating the secondary controller, the following parameter is needed: ide0=umc8672. ALI M1439/M1445 For activating the secondary controller, the following parameter is needed: ide0=ali14xx. PROMISE DC4030 For activating the secondary controller, the following parameter is needed: ide0=dc4030. CD-ROMs and tapes on the secondary controller are not supported yet. Table 14.2: Special EIDE chipsets If the chipset does not belong to the list of known faulty chipsets, and still is not recognized, the following parameters can be added instead: ide=[,[,]] 334 14.3. The Parameters Variable Values / Meaning adapter number, usually 0 or 1, but also 3 or 4 base address of the adapter, usually 0x1f0, 0x170, 0x1e8 or 0x168 control register of the adapters, usually 0x3f6, 0x376, 0x3ee or 0x36e interrupt of the adapters, usually 14, 15, 11 or 10 If the chipset does not belong to the list of known faulty chipsets, but still causes problems, the following parameters can be added instead: ide= Variable Values / Meaning adapter number, usually 0 or 1, but also 3 or 4 autotune the highest possible PIO value is tried, not supported by all chipsets noautotune no improvement in speed serialize no time overlapping of operations with the next adapter If the chipset does not belong to the list of known faulty chipsets, but the highest possible speed should still be achieved, the bus speed can be passed on; please refer to your motherboard manual. idebus= Other Devices Network cards, floppy drives * Ethernet network cards ether=,[,[,...]], The various parameters for to have different mean- ings for several drivers. Usually, only two parameters are needed, where the first is the start address and the second is the end address of shared memory. The first non-numerical argument is treated as the name. the interrupt used; 0 for autoprobing port address; 0 for autoprobing start address for shared memory. Some drivers use the 4 lowest bits for the debug level. The Lance uses them for its DMA channel. end address for shared memory. The 3COM 3c503 driver uses this parameter to distinguish between in- ternal and external transceivers. Table 14.3: continued overleaf. . . ... 335 14. Kernel Parameters The Cabletron E21XX card uses the lowest four bits for selecting the media. The interface's name (normally eth0) Table 14.3: Variable names for Ethernet network cards The main reason for specifying this parameter is to let the kernel recog- nize more than one network card, since only the first card is searched by default. This can easily be done with: ether=0,0,eth1 Please note that, by passing 0 for both IRQ and address, the driver is explicitly told to launch autoprobing, which means probing several ad- dresses independently. * Floppy disk drives floppy=,,cmos Variable Values / Meaning 0, 1, 2, 3 0 - unknown or not recognized 1 - 5 1/4" DD, 360 KB 2 - 5 1/4" HD, 1.2 MB 3 - 3 1/2" DD, 720 KB 4 - 3 1/2" HD, 1.44 MB 5 - 3 1/2" ED, 2.88 MB 6 - 3 1/2" ED, 2.88 MB floppy= For , the following values may be set (Table 14.4 on the facing page): all drives more than two floppy disk drives asus pci denies access to 3rd and 4th floppy disk drives daring use only with reliable controllers-enhances per- formance 0,daring opposite of daring ,two fdc if the value is omit- ted while using a secondary floppy controller, a port ad- dress of 0x370 is set. 336 Table 14.4: continued overleaf. . . ... 14.3. The Parameters thinkpad IBM Thinkpad machines 0,thinkpad not a Thinkpad machine omnibook Omnibook computers nodma for Omnibook computers dma Standard nofifo if a "Bus master arbi- tration error" occurs fifo Standard 0xX,fifo depth FIFO threshhold standard 0xA unexpected interrupts show warnings if something unexpected happens. no unexpected interrupts and... L40SX this value is the opposite of unexpected interrupts. Table 14.4: Kernel parameter values for floppy * Logitech bus mouse bmouse= 14.3.3 CD-ROM Drives on Proprietary Controllers Old CD-ROM drives * Aztech CDA268-01 CD-ROM aztcd=[,0x79] The value 0x79 has only to be set when the firmware version is unknown. Example: aztcd=0x320 * Goldstar R420 CD-ROM drive gscd= * Mitsumi CD-ROM drive mcd=,[,] Variable Values / Meaning value for waiting time while starting You can vary the parameter between 0 and 10 if the CD-ROM drive does not react fast enough on system requests ("timeout") and, therefore, does not find the root image while installing. Example: mcd=0x300,10,5 * Mitsumi CD-ROM drive (multisession) mcdx=, Example: mcd=0x300,10 337 14. Kernel Parameters * Mozart interface isp16=,,, Variable Values / Meaning Sanyo, Panasonic, Sony, Mitsumi This driver is responsible for CD-ROM drives connected to the types ISP16, MAD16 or Mozart. The value of follows the interface plug where the CD-ROM is connected to the sound card. Example: isp16=0x340,10,3,Sony * Optics Storage 8000 AT CD-ROM drive optcd= Example: optcd=0x340 * Philips CM206 CD-ROM drives cm206=, Example: cm206=0x340,10 * Pro Audio Spectrum 16 - SCSI host adapter pas16=, On the Pro Audio Spectrum 16 sound card there is a SCSI-host adapter, the settings of which can be passed to the kernel with this parameter. Example: pas16=0x340,10 If the card is not recognized, it can be operated without an interrupt. In this case the interrupt is set to 255. Example: pas16=0x340,255 * Sanyo CD-ROM Drive sjcd= Example: sjcd=0x340 * Sony CDU 31/33 A cdu31a=, Autoprobing of this driver has been removed from the kernel. Thus, you have to set any parameters explicitly. Example: cdu31a=0x340,5 If there is no interrupt assigned to the drive, and if you can only access it via polling mode, you have to enter 0 for the IRQ. Example: cdu31a=0x340,0 As an example, if this drive is connected to a Pro Audio Spectrum card, the parameter could be as follows: Example: cdu31a=0x1f88,0,PAS * Sony CDU 535 sonycd535=, Example: sonycd535=0x340,10 338 14.3. The Parameters * SoundBlaster Pro 16 MultiCD sbpcd=, Variable Values / Meaning LaserMate, SPEA, SoundBlaster Example: sbpcd=0x340,10 The Parallel Port Parallel Port * Parallelport parport=,[ [parport=,[ [parport=,[]]]]] Variable Values / Meaning address interrupt Example: parport=0x3bc parport=0x378,7 parport=0x278,auto * Printer on the parallel port lp= [lp= [lp=]] Variable Values / Meaning parallel port Example: lp=parport0 lp=parport2 14.3.4 modprobe Parameters This section describes those parameters which can be loaded as modules. If you encounter difficulties while loading a driver (although you have entered the parameters), or if there is no section describing the parameter, then you may have to integrate this driver into a monolithic kernel. Some drivers can not be built as modules yet and some recognize your hard- ware properly only if they are compiled into the kernel. Despite this, we recommend you try the "module variant" first. If a driver is loaded as a module, each and every variable used can be over- written on the command line. There is, e. g., the variable io in the NE2000 driver which specifies the used I/O range. For this, the correct command for loading this module is (see Section 13.2 page 318): earth:/ # insmod ne io=0x300 irq=10 or better with modprobe: earth:/ # modprobe ne io=0x300 irq=10 Be aware that there should be no spaces before or after the "equal". Moreover, hexadecimal values have to be set in the given form (with a leading `0x'). 339 14. Kernel Parameters If you want to enter more than one parameter they must be separated by spaces. This is the main difference to entering parameters at the LILO prompt, where no blanks should be used within the parameters for one driver. The parameters you enter here can also be integrated into /etc/modules.conf. Here many parameters can be assigned to a partic- ular module. This is done one line per module. The line should resemble the following: options = ... where: Variable Values / Meaning name of the module without the extension .o parameter #1 value that is assigned to parameter #1 An entry for the NE2000 card might look like: options ne io=0x300 irq=10 SCSI Controllers and the SCSI Subsystem * Adaptec AHA-1520 / 1522 / 1510 / 1515 / 1505 SCSI-Hostadapter Name of module: aha152x.o Variable Values / Meaning SCSI-ID of the host adapter; by default, 7 reconnect; 0, 1 parity; 0, 1 synchronous mode of operation; 0, 1 bus delay; default 100 "translation of the hard drive geometry; 0, 1 As at the LILO prompt: Example: modprobe aha152x aha152x=0x340,10,7,1,1,0,0,0 For a second host adapter: Example: modprobe aha152x aha152x1=0x140,12,7,1,1,0,0,0 * Future Domain TMC-16x0­host adapter Name of module: fdomain.o This driver also serves the SCSI-host adapter Adaptec 2920, amongst others. fdomain=,[,] Variable Values / Meaning 340 14.3. The Parameters As at the LILO-Prompt: Example: modprobe fdomain fdomain=0x140,11,7 * NCR 5380 bzw. NCR 53C400 SCSI-host adapter family Name of module: g_NCR5380.o Parameter Value ncr addr ncr irq ; switch off with 255 ncr dma ncr 5380 1 for an NCR5380 adapter ncr 53c400 1 for an NCR53C400 adapter For an NCR5380 adapter: Example: modprobe g NCR5380 ncr irq=5 ncr addr=0x350 ncr 5380=1 For an NCR53C400 adapter with interrupts turned off: Example: modprobe g NCR5380 ncr irq=255 ncr addr=0xc8000 ncr 53c400=1 This driver serves the widely-used Trantor T130B SCSI host adapter Network Cards * 3Com 3c501 / 3c503 / 3c505 / 3c507 network cards Name of module: 3c501.o,3c503.o,3c505.o,3c507.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe 3c509 io=0x300 irq=10 * 3Com 3c509 / 3c579 network cards Name of module: 3c509.o Parameter Value irq xcvr 0: internal; 1: external Example: modprobe 3c509 irq=10 xcvr=0 * 3Com 3c515 network card Name of module: 3c515.o Example: modprobe 3c515 * 3Com 3c59x / 3c90x network cards ("Vortex"/"Boomerang") Name of module: 3c59x.o For Compaq computers(PCI), you can try the following parameters: 341 14. Kernel Parameters Parameter Value compaq ioaddr compaq irq compaq prod id Example: modprobe 3c59x compaq irq=10 * Allied Telesis AT1700 network card Name of module: at1700.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe at1700 io=0x300 irq=10 * Cabletron E21xx network card Name of module: e2100.o Parameter Value io irq mem xcvr 0: internal; 1: external Example: modprobe e2100 io=0x300 irq=10 mem=0xd000 xcvr=0 * Digital DE425 / 434 / 435 / 450 / 500 network cards Name of module: de4x5.o io=0x Parameter Value bus number of the PCI bus, usually 0 device ID number des PCI device With newer PCI BIOSes, these files are displayed when the machine boots, and in Linux they can be seen with the command earth: # cat /proc/pci Example: modprobe de4x5 io=0x007 * Digital DEPCA / DE10x / DE20(012) / DE42, EtherWORKS network cards Name of module: depca.o 342 14.3. The Parameters Parameter Value io irq mem adapter name e.g. DEPCA, de100, de101, de200, de201, de202, de210, de422 Example: modprobe depca io=0x300 irq=10 * EtherWORKS 3 (DE203, DE204, DE205) network card Name of module: ewrk3.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe ewrk3 io=0x300 irq=10 * Intel EtherExpress 16 network card Name of module: eexpress.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe eexpress io=0x300 irq=10 * Intel EtherExpressPro network card Name of module: eepro.o Parameter Value io irq mem Example: modprobe eepro io=0x300 irq=10 mem=0xd000 * Intel EtherExpressPro 100 network card Name of module: eepro100.o The Intel EtherExpressPro contains the chips i82557/i82558. Parameter Value options 16 full-duplex 32 100 MBit operation only 64 10 MBit operation only 343 14. Kernel Parameters Example: modprobe eepro100 options=48 This sets full-duplex and 100-MBit operation simultaneously (48 = 32 + 16). * Fujitsu FMV-181/182/183/184 network cards Name of module: fmv18x.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe fmv18x io=0x300 irq=10 * HP PCLAN+ (27247B and 27252A) network card Name of module: hp-plus.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe hp-plus io=0x300 irq=10 * HP PCLAN (27245 / 27xxx) Name of module: hp.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe hp io=0x300 irq=10 * HP 10/100 VG-AnyLAN (ISA, EISA, PCI) network cards Name of module: hp100.o Parameter Value hp100 port Example: modprobe hp100 hp100 port=0x300 * ICL EtherTeam 16i / 32 network cards Name of module: eth16i.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe eth16i io=0x300 irq=10 344 14.3. The Parameters * Novell NE2000 / NE1000 network cards Name of module: ne.o Parameter Value io irq bad bad, only if the card is not recognized Example: modprobe ne io=0x300 irq=10 * NI6510 (AM7990 "lance" Chip) network card Name of module: ni65.o Parameter Value io irq dma Example: modprobe ni65 io=0x300 irq=10 * SMC Ultra network card Name of module: smc-ultra.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe smc-ultra io=0x300 irq=10 * SMC 9194 network card Name of module: smc9194.o Parameter Value io irq if port Variable Values / Meaning 0 auto 1 TP 2 AUI, 10base2 Example: modprobe smc9194 io=0x300 irq=10 if port=2 * Western Digital WD80x3 network card Name of module: wd.o 345 14. Kernel Parameters Parameter Value io irq mem mem end Example: modprobe wd io=0x300 irq=10 * IBM Tropic chipset Token Ring network card Name of module: ibmtr.o Parameter Value io irq mem start Example: modprobe ibmtr io=0x300 * D-Link DE620 Pocket-Adapter network card Name of module: de620.o Parameter Value io irq bnc 1 if a BNC input/output utp 1 if a UTP input/output clone 1 if an equivalent device Example: modprobe de620 io=0x300 irq=10 bnc=1 utp=0 Proprietary CD-ROM Drives CD-ROM The following parameters concern CD-ROM drives attached to special Drives, controllers. Whoever possesses one of these "oldies" will certainly know proprietary about it. . . * Aztech CDA268-01 CD-ROM drive Name of module: aztcd.o Parameter Value aztcd Example: modprobe aztcd aztcd=0x300 * Goldstar R420-CD-ROM drive Name of module: gscd.o Parameter Value gscd Example: modprobe gscd gscd=0x300 346 14.3. The Parameters * Mitsumi CD-ROM drive Name of module: mcd.o mcd=,[,] Variable Values / Meaning Delay at startup time You can vary the from 0 to 10 if the CD-ROM drive does not react fast enough ("timeout"), thus probably not finding the root image during installation. Example: modprobe mcd mcd=0x300,10,5 * Mitsumi CD-ROM drive (Multisession) Name of module: mcdx.o mcdx=,[,,] For a number of drivers the settings , can be repeated up to 4 times. * Mozart sound card with port for CD-ROM drives Name of module: isp16.o isp16 cdrom base= isp16 cdrom irq= isp16 cdrom dma= isp16 cdrom type= Variable Values / Meaning Sanyo, Panasonic, Sony, Mitsumi This driver is not a real CDROM driver; it is only responsible for the in- terface configuration of the CD-ROM drive when connected to a ISP16, MAD16 or Mozart sound card. After this driver is loaded only the inter- face is loaded accordingly; the corresponding CDROM driver needs to be loaded as well. The value for the variable is written on the plug which connects the CD-ROM cable to the sound card. Example: modprobe isp16 isp16 cdrom base=0x300 isp16 cdrom irq=10 isp16 cdrom dma=1 isp16 cdrom type=sony * Optics Storage 8000 AT CD-ROM drive Name of module: optcd.o Parameter Value optcd Example: modprobe optcd optcd=0x300 * Philips CM206 CD-ROM drive Name of module: cm206.o cm206=, Example: modprobe cm206 cm206=0x300,10 347 14. Kernel Parameters * Sanyo CD-ROM drive Name of module: sjcd.o Parameter Value sjcd Example: modprobe sjcd sjcd=0x300 * Sony CDU 31/33 A Name of module: cdu31a.o Parameter Value cdu31a port cdu31a irq Example: modprobe cdu31a cdu31a port=0x300 cdu31a irq=10 * Sony CDU 535 Name of module: sonycd535.o Parameter Value sonycd535 Example: modprobe sonycd535 sonycd535=0x300 * Soundblaster Pro 16 MultiCD Name of module: sbpcd.o sbpcd=, whereby can have the following values: Variable Values / Meaning 0 LaserMate 1 SoundBlaster 2 SoundScape 3 Teac16bit Example: modprobe sbpcd sbpcd=0x300,0 Sound Cards and Sound Chipsets Sound Since the 2.2.xx kernel sound support has been resolved in modular form and can be controlled by numerous parameters. * AD1816 Chip Name of module: ad1816.o The following cards, amongst others, are supported: Terratec Base 1, Terratec Base 64, HP Kayak, Acer FX-3D, SY-1816, Highscreen Sound- Boostar 32 Wave 3D 348 14.3. The Parameters Parameter Value io irq dma dma2 ad1816 clockfreq Example: modprobe ad1816 io=0x530 irq=5 dma=1 dma2=3 ad1816 clockfreq=33000 * AD1848/CS4248 Chip (MSS) Name of module: ad1848.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma2 type deskpro xl * Generic OPLx driver Name of module: adlib_card.o Parameter Value io Example: modprobe adlib card io=0x330 * Crystal 423x chipsets Name of module: cs4232.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma2 Example: modprobe cs4232 io=0x530 irq=5 dma=1 dma2=3 * Ensoniq 1370 chipset Name of module: es1370.o see also PCI64/128. Parameter Value joystick 1: activate joystick lineout 1: line-in in line-out switch over micz microphone impedancy Example: modprobe es1370 joystick=1 lineout=1 349 14. Kernel Parameters * Creative Ensoniq 1371 chipset Name of module: es1371.o Refer also to the PCI64/128. Parameter Value joystick Valid values for are 0x200, 0x208, 0x210 and 0x218. Example: modprobe es1371 joystick=0x200 * Gravis Ultrasound Name of module: gus.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma16 type gus16 no wave dma db16 * MAD16 Name of module: mad16.o Supports OPTi 82C928, OAK OTI-601D, OPTi 82C929, OPTi 82C930 and OPTi 82C924. Parameter Value io irq dma dma16 Example: modprobe mad16 io=0x530 irq=7 dma=0 dma16=1 * Turtle Beach Maui and Tropez Name of module: maui.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe maui io=0x530 irq=5 * MPU401 Name of module: mpu401.o 350 14.3. The Parameters Parameter Value io Example: modprobe mpu401 io=0x330 * Turtle Beach MultiSound Name of module: msnd.o Example: modprobe msnd * Turtle Beach Classic/Monterey/Tahiti Name of module: msnd_classic.o Parameter Value io irq mem write ndelay major fifosize calibrate signal Example: modprobe io=0x290 irq=7 mem=0xd0000 * Turtle Beach Pinnacle/Fiji Name of module: msnd_pinnacle.o As well as the parameters of the Turtle Beach Classic/Monterey/Tahiti, this card also understands: Parameter Value digital cfg reset mpu io mpu irq ide io0 ide io1 ide irq joystick io Example: modprobe msnd pinnacle cfg=0x250 io=0x290 irq=5 mem=0xd0000 * OPL3 Name of module: opl3.o Parameter Value io Example: modprobe io=0x388 351 14. Kernel Parameters * OPL3-SA1 Name of module: opl3sa.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma2 mpu io mpu irq Example: modprobe opl3sa io=0x530 irq=11 dma=0 dma2=1 mpu io=0x330 mpu irq=5 * YMF711, YMF715, YMF719, OPL3-SA2, OPL3-SA3, OPL3-SAx Name of module: opl3sa2.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma2 mss io mpu io Example: modprobe opl3sa2 io=0x370 irq=7 dma=0 dma2=3 mss io=0x530 mpu io=0x330 * Pro Audio Spectrum Name of module: pas2.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma16 sb io sb irq sb dma sb dma16 joystick symphony broken bus clock * Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614) Name of module: pss.o 352 14.3. The Parameters Parameter Value pss io mss io mss irq mss dma mpu io mpu irq pss mixer activate 1 or 0 * Sound Blaster and Clones Name of module: sb.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma16 mpu io mad16 activate 1 trix activate1 pas2 activate1 sm games activate1 acer activate1, for Acer Notebooks mwave bug activate1 Example: modprobe sb io=0x220 irq=5 dma=1 dma16=5 mpu io=0x330 * Aztech Sound Galaxy Name of module: sgalaxy.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma2 sgbase * S3 Sonic Vibes Name of module: sonicvibes.o No parameters. * Ensoniq SoundScape Name of module: sscape.o 353 14. Kernel Parameters Parameter Value io irq dma mss mpu io mpu irq spea 1 * MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro Name of module: trix.o Parameter Value io irq dma dma2 sb io sb irq sb dma mpu io mpu irq * UART401 Name of module: uart401.o Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe io=0x330 irq=9 * UART6850 Name of module: uart6850.o Parameter Value io irq * Sound Blaster DSP chipsets Name of module: v_midi.o No parameters. * Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez, Tropez Plus Name of module: wavefront.o 354 14.3. The Parameters Parameter Value io irq Example: modprobe wavefront io=0x200 irq=9 The Parallel Port The operation of the parallel port is somewhat complex. After configuration, Parallel Port a complete subsystem is available; see Section 10.4.3 page 267 pp. * Parallel port Name of module: parport.o Example: modprobe parport * Parallel port ­ architecture-specific Name of module: parport_pc.o Parameter Value io irq In order to set up 3 Ports in a PC style, for example, whereby one has the address 0x3bc without an IRQ, one has the address 0x378 with IRQ 7 and one has the address 0x278 with automatically detected IRQ, you should enter (all in one line!): Example: modprobe parport pc io=0x3bc,0x378,0x278 irq=none,7,auto * Printer driver Name of module: lp.o Parameter Value parport Example: modprobe lp parport=0,2 * Parallel port IDE devices Name of module: paride.o If you want to use chains of Paride devices on a single parallel port, then you must first load parport.o! Example: modprobe paride The parallel port should ­ if possible ­ be operated in "EPP mode"; please set this mode in the BIOS of your computer. * Parallel port IDE low-level protocol driver Name of module: \variable{xxxx}.o 355 14. Kernel Parameters protocol device aten ATEN EH-100 (HK) bpck Microsolutions backpack (US) comm DataStor (old-type) "commuter" adapter (TW) dstr DataStor EP-2000 (TW) epat Shuttle EPAT (UK) epia Shuttle EPIA (UK) fit2 FIT TD-2000 (US) fit3 FIT TD-3000 (US) friq Freecom IQ cable (DE) frpw Freecom Power (DE) kbic KingByte KBIC-951A and KBIC-971A (TW) ktti KT Technology PHd adapter (SG) on20 OnSpec 90c20 (US) on26 OnSpec 90c26 (US) Example: modprobe epat * Parallel port IDE hard drive Name of module: pd.o Parameter Value verbose First load parport and the low-level driver Example: modprobe pd verbose=1 * Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM Name of module: pcd.o First load parport and the low-level driver Example: modprobe pcd * Parallel port ATAPI floppy disk drive Name of module: pf.o First load parport and the low-level driver Example: modprobe pf * Parallel port ATAPI streamer drive Name of module: pt.o First load parport and the low-level driver Example: modprobe pt * Parallel port generic ATAPI device Name of module: pg.o First load parport and the low-level driver Example: modprobe pg 356