Sound Recorder Contents


Sound Recorder Commands


File Menu Commands


Edit Menu Commands


Effects Menu Commands


New Command

Creates a new sound file.

When you choose this command, Sound Recorder lets you saves changes to the current file before opening the new file.

Related Procedure


Open Command

Opens an existing sound file.

When you choose this command, Sound Recorder lets you save changes to the current file before opening the new file.

Related Procedure


main (MMA)°
What Is Sound Recorder?

Using Sound Recorder

Playback

Sound Editing

Sound Recording


What Is Sound Recorder?

Sound Recorder lets you play, record, and edit sound files in the WAVE format. If you open a file in Sound Recorder, you will see the following window:

To play a file, click the Play button. As the sound plays, the Wave box graphically displays the sound as if it were being shown on an oscilloscope.

Before Sound Recorder can play, edit, or record a file, you must have the sound hardware installed, and the driver installed and configured.

Related Procedure


current playing position

Shows how many seconds the sound has played.


sound wave

Graphical display of the sound.


length of sound file

Indicates how long the sound will play.


Play button

Starts playing a sound.


Playback

You can control sound playback with the following:

Related Procedure


scroll bar

Used to change the playing position of a sound. You can drag the scroll box, click the scroll bar, or click the scroll arrow. The scroll box, bar, and arrows work whether the sound is stopped or playing.


Rewind button

Button for returning to the beginning of a sound.


Forward button

Button for moving to the end of a sound.


Play button

Starts playing a sound.


Stop button

Stops playing a sound.


Sound Editing

Sound Recorder offers many ways to change a sound file. You can delete portions of the sound and insert sounds. You can also blend in sounds.

You can create sound effects by:

Changing the playing speed.

Changing the volume.

Adding an echo.

Reversing the sound.

Related Procedures


Procedures

Adding an Echo to a Sound

Deleting Part of a Sound File

Inserting a Sound File

Making a Sound Quieter or Louder

Mixing In a Sound File

Reversing a Sound

Slowing Down or Speeding Up a Sound


Sound Recording

You can record a new sound file from scratch or record sounds in an existing file. Before you can record, however, you must have a microphone connected to your computer.

The sound you record must not be longer than 60 seconds.

Related Procedure


Stop button

Stops recording a sound.


Record button

Starts recording a sound.


Sound Recorder Procedures
Working with Sound Files

Editing Sound Files

Creating Sound Effects


Working with Sound Files

Opening a Sound File

Playing a Sound File

Creating a Sound File

Recording a Sound File

Saving a Sound File

Editing Sound Files

Creating Sound Effects


Editing Sound Files
Working with Sound Files

Editing Sound Files

Deleting Part of a Sound File

Inserting a Sound File

Mixing In a Sound File

Restoring a Sound File

Creating Sound Effects


Creating Sound Effects
Working with Sound Files

Editing Sound Files

Creating Sound Effects

Making a Sound Quieter or Louder

Slowing Down or Speeding Up a Sound

Adding an Echo to a Sound

Reversing a Sound


Opening a Sound File

You open sound files to play or edit them.

To open a sound file:

1	Choose Open from the File menu.

2	If the file is in the current directory, double-click the name of the file in the File Name box.

If the file is not in the current directory, double-click the directory you want in the Directories box or select the drive you want in the Drives box. Then double-click the name of the file in the File Name box.

Related Procedure	Keyboard Procedure


hint

The current directory is shown above the Directories box.


hint

Instead of using the File Name, Directories, and Dives boxes to open a file, you can type the complete pathname in the File Name box and click OK.


Playing a Sound File

After opening a sound file, you can play it.

To start playing:

Click the Play button.

The status bar displays the word "Playing."

To stop playing:

Click the Stop button.

When playing is stopped, the status bar displays the word "Stopped."

To move to the end of a sound file:

Click the Forward button.

To move to the beginning of a sound file:

Click the Rewind button.

Related Procedure	Keyboard Procedure


Play button

Starts playing a sound.


Stop button

Stops playing a sound.


Forward button

Button for moving to the end of a sound.


Rewind button

Button for returning to the beginning of a sound.


Creating a Sound File
Creating a New Sound File

To create a new sound file:

1	Choose New from the File menu.

2	Create the sound file.

You can create the sound file in three ways: recording sounds, inserting one sound file into another, and mixing one sound file with another. You can also combine all three methods.

3	Save the File.

Related Procedures	Keyboard Procedure


Procedures

Inserting a Sound File

Mixing In a Sound File

Recording a Sound File


Recording a Sound File

You record sound files through a microphone attached to your computer. See your computer manufacturer's documentation for details on configuring the microphone.

To record a new file:

1	Choose New from the File menu.

2	Click the Record button.

3	Speak or direct the sound into the microphone.

You can record up to one minute of sound.

4	When you finish, click the Stop button.

To record into an existing file:

1	Open the file.

2	Place the scroll box where you want to insert your recorded speech.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, move the scroll box by dragging it, clicking the scroll arrow, or clicking the scroll bar. Clicking the scroll arrow moves the sound backward or forward .1 second. Clicking the scroll bar moves the sound backward or forward 1 second.

3	Click the Record button.

4	Speak into the microphone.

5	When you finish, click the Stop button.

You can record a file up to 60 seconds in length.

Related Procedure	Keyboard Procedure


Saving a Sound File

You can record a file up to 60 seconds in length.

To save changes to an existing file:

Choose Save from the File menu.

To save a new file or save an existing file under a different name:

1	Choose Save As from the File menu.

2	If you want to save the file in the current directory, type the filename, including a filename extension if you want to specify one.

The .WAV extension is automatically assigned to the filename if you don't specify an extension. If you specify an extension, it overrides any automatic extension.

If you want to save the file in a different directory, double-click the directory name in the Directories box or select the directory name from the Drives box. Then type the filename.

3	Click OK.

Keyboard Procedure


hint

The current directory is shown above the Directories box.


hint

Instead of using the File Name, Directories, and Dives boxes to save a file, you can type the complete pathname in the Filename box and click OK.


Deleting Part of a Sound File

You can cut the part of a sound file before or after the current playing position.

Until you save the file, you can undo a deletion with the Revert command.

To delete before the current position:

1	Open the sound file that you want to edit.

2	Move the scroll box where you want to cut sound before the current playing position.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, move the scroll box by dragging it, clicking the scroll arrow, or clicking the scroll bar. Clicking the scroll arrow moves the sound backward or forward .1 second. Clicking the scroll bar moves the sound backward or forward 1 second.

3	Choose the Delete Before Current Position command from the Edit menu.

4	Click Yes to confirm the deletion.

To delete after the current position:

1	Open the sound file that you want to edit.

2	Move the scroll box where you want to cut sound after the current playing position.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, move the scroll box by dragging it, clicking the scroll arrow, or clicking the scroll bar. Clicking the scroll arrow moves the sound backward or forward .1 second. Clicking the scroll bar moves the sound backward or forward 1 second.

3	Choose the Delete After Current Position command from the Edit menu.

4	Click Yes to confirm the deletion.

Keyboard Procedure


Inserting a Sound File

You can insert the contents of another sound file into the current sound file. However, the total length of the new sound file must not exceed 60 seconds.

To insert a sound file into an existing file:

1	Move the scroll box where you want to insert the sound file.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, move the scroll box by dragging it, clicking the scroll arrow, or clicking the scroll bar. Clicking the scroll arrow moves the sound backward or forward .1 second. Clicking the scroll bar moves the sound backward or forward 1 second.

2	Choose the Insert File command from the Edit menu.

3	If the file is in the current directory, double-click the name of the file in the File Name box.

If the file is not in the current directory, double-click the directory you want in the Directories box or select the drive you want in the Drives box. Then double-click the name of the file in the File Name box.

Related Procedure	Keyboard Procedure


Mixing In a Sound File

You can mix the contents of another sound file within the current sound file. Both sound files will blend together and play simultaneously. However, the total length of the new sound file must not exceed 60 seconds.

To mix in a sound file into an existing file:

1	Place the scroll box where you want to mix the sound file.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, move the scroll box by dragging it, clicking the scroll arrow, or clicking the scroll bar. Clicking the scroll arrow moves the sound backward or forward .1 second. Clicking the scroll bar moves the sound backward or forward 1 second.

2	Choose the Mix with File command from the Edit menu.

3	If the file is in the current directory, double-click the name of the file in the File Name box.

If the file is not in the current directory, double-click the directory you want in the Directories box or select the drive you want in the Drives box. Then double-click the name of the file in the File Name box.

Related Procedure	Keyboard Procedure


Restoring a Sound File

You can restore a file to its last saved state. However, after you save a sound file, you can't undo any of the changes you've made to the file.

To restore a sound file to its last saved state:

1	Choose Revert from the File menu.

2	Click Yes to confirm the restoration.

Keyboard Procedure


Making a Sound Quieter or Louder

To decrease the volume of a sound file:

1	Open the sound file whose volume you want to decrease.

2	Choose Decrease Volume from the Effects menu.

You can return the file to its normal volume by choosing the Increase Volume command.

To increase the volume of a sound file by 25 percent:

1	Open the sound file that you want to make louder.

2	Choose Increase Volume from the Effects menu.

You can return the file to its original volume by choosing the Decrease Volume command.

Keyboard Procedure


Slowing Down or Speeding Up a Sound

To decrease the speed of a sound file by 50 percent:

1	Open the sound file that you want to slow down.

2	Choose Decrease Speed from the Effects menu.

You can return the file to its original speed by choosing the Increase Speed command.

To increase the speed of a sound file by 100 percent:

1	Open the sound file that you want to speed up.

2	Choose Increase Speed from the Effects menu.

You can return the file to its original speed by choosing the Decrease Speed command.

Keyboard Procedure


Adding an Echo to a Sound

You can add an echo to a sound file. Until you save the file, you can undo the echo with the Revert command.

To add an echo to a sound:

1	Open the sound file to which you want to add an echo.

2	Choose Add Echo from the Effects menu.

Keyboard Procedure


Reversing a Sound

You can reverse a sound file so that it plays backwards. You can return the file to playing in the normal direction by choosing the Reverse command again.

To reverse a sound file:

1	Open the sound file you want to play in reverse.

2	Choose Reverse from the Effects menu.

Keyboard Procedure


Sound Recorder Keys
To	Press
Open the Control menu.	ALT+SPACEBAR
Select the first menu on the menu bar.	ALT or F10
Choose the menu or menu item whose underlined letter matches the one you type.	Letter key
Move among menus. Move back or forward .1 second when the scroll bar is selected.	LEFT or RIGHT ARROW
Move back 1 second when the scroll bar is selected.	PAGE UP
Move forward 1 second when the scroll bar is selected.	PAGE DOWN
Move to the beginning of the sound when the scroll bar is selected.	HOME
Move to the end of the sound when the scroll bar is selected.	END
Move among menu items.	UP or DOWN ARROW
Choose the selected menu item.	ENTER
Cancel the selected menu.	ESC
Move from button to button (left to right).	TAB
Move from button to button (right to left).	SHIFT+TAB
Choose a button.	SPACEBAR


Sound Recorder Keyboard Procedures
Working with Sound Files

Editing Sound Files

Creating Sound Effects


Keyboard: Working with Sound Files
Working with Sound Files

Opening a Sound File

Playing a Sound File

Creating a Sound File

Recording a Sound File

Saving a Sound File

Editing Sound Files

Creating Sound Effects


Keyboard: Editing Sound Files
Working with Sound Files

Editing Sound Files

Deleting Part of a Sound File

Inserting a Sound File

Mixing In a Sound File

Restoring a Sound File

Creating Sound Effects


Keyboard: Creating Sound Effects
Working with Sound Files

Editing Sound Files

Creating Sound Effects

Making a Sound Quieter or Louder

Slowing Down or Speeding Up a Sound

Adding an Echo to a Sound

Reversing a Sound


Keyboard: Opening a Sound File

To open a sound file:

1	Press ALT and then F.

2	Press O.

3	If the file is in the current directory, press TAB and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the file.

If the file is not in the current directory,press ALT+D, use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select a drive or directory, and press ENTER. Or press ALT+V and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the drive you want. Then press ALT+N, press TAB, and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the file.

4	Press ENTER.

Related Procedure


hint

The current directory is shown above the Directories box.


hint

Instead of using the File Name, Directories, and Dives boxes to open a file, you can type the complete pathname in the File Name box and press ENTER.


Keyboard: Playing a Sound File

To start playing:

1	Press TAB until you select the Play button.

2	Press SPACEBAR.

To stop playing:

1	Press TAB until you select the Stop button.

2	Press SPACEBAR.

To move to the end of a sound file:

1	Press TAB until you select the Forward button.

2	Press SPACEBAR.

To move to the beginning of a sound file:

1	Press TAB until you select the Rewind button.

2	Press SPACEBAR.

Related Procedure


Play button

Starts playing a sound.


Stop button

Stops playing a sound.


Forward button

Button for moving to the end of a sound.


Rewind button

Button for returning to the beginning of a sound.


Keyboard: Creating a Sound File
Keyboard: Creating a New Sound File

To create a new sound file:

1	Press ALT and then F.

2	Press N.

3	Create the sound file.

You can create the sound file in three ways: recording sounds, inserting one sound file in another, and mixing one sound file with another. You can also combine all three methods.

4	Save the File.

Related Procedures


Procedures

Inserting a Sound File

Mixing In a Sound File

Recording a Sound File


Keyboard: Recording a Sound File

To record a new file:

1	Press ALT and then F.

2	Press N.

3	Press TAB until you select the Record button.

4	Press SPACEBAR.

5	Speak into the microphone.

6	When you finish, press TAB until you select the Stop button.

7	Press SPACEBAR.

To record into an existing file:

1	Open the file.

2	Place the scroll box where you want to insert your recorded speech.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, press TAB until you select the scroll box and then use the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW key to move the scroll box.

3	Press TAB until you select the Record button.

4	Press SPACEBAR.

5	Speak into the microphone.

6	When you finish, press TAB until you select the Stop button.

7	Press SPACEBAR.

Related Procedure


Keyboard: Saving a Sound File

To save changes to an existing file:

1	Press ALT and then F.

2	Press S

To save a new file or to save an existing file under an additional name:

1	Press ALT and then F.

2	Press A.

3	If you want to save the file in the current directory, type the filename, including a filename extension if you want to specify one.

If you want to save the file in a different directory, press ALT+D and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select a directory, and press ENTER. Or press ALT+V and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the drive you want. Then press ALT+N and type the filename.

4	Press ENTER.


hint

The current directory is shown above the Directories box.


hint

Instead of using the File Name, Directories, and Dives boxes to save a file, you can type the complete pathname in the Filename box and press ENTER.


Keyboard: Deleting Part of a Sound File

To delete before the current position:

1	Open the sound file you want to edit.

2	Move the scroll box where you want to cut sound before the current playing position.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, press TAB until you select the scroll box and then use the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW key to move the scroll box.

3	Press ALT and then E.

4	Press B.

5	Press ENTER to confirm the deletion.

To delete after the current position:

1	Open the sound file that you want to edit.

2	Move the scroll box where you want to cut sound after the current playing position.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, press TAB until you select the scroll box and then use the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW key to move the scroll box.

3	Press ALT and then E.

4	Press A.

5	Press ENTER to confirm the deletion.


Keyboard: Inserting a Sound File

To insert a sound file into an existing file:

1	Move the scroll box where you want to insert the sound file.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, press TAB until you select the scroll box and then use the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW key to move the scroll box.

2	Press ALT and then E.

3	Press I.

4	If the file is in the current directory, press TAB and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the file.

If the file is not in the current directory,press ALT+D, use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select a drive or directory, and press ENTER. Or press ALT+V and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the drive you want. Then press ALT+N, press TAB, and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the file.

5	Press ENTER.

Related Procedure


Keyboard: Mixing In a Sound File

To mix in a sound file into an existing file:

1	Move the scroll box where you want to mix the sound file.

To do this, you can use the Play and Stop buttons.

Or, press TAB until you select the scroll box and then use the LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW key to move the scroll box.

2	Press ALT and then E.

3	Press M.

4	If the file is in the current directory, press TAB and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the file.

If the file is not in the current directory,press ALT+D, use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select a drive or directory, and press ENTER. Or press ALT+V and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the drive you want. Then press ALT+N, press TAB, and use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to select the file.

5	Press ENTER.

Related Procedure


Keyboard: Restoring a Sound File

To restore a sound file to its last saved state:

1	Press ALT and then F.

2	Press R.

3	Press ENTER to confirm the restoration.


Keyboard: Making a Sound Quieter or Louder

To decrease the volume of a sound file:

1	Open the sound file whose volume you want to decrease.

2	Press ALT and then S.

3	Press D.

To increase the volume of a sound file by 25 percent:

1	Open the sound file that you want to make louder.

2	Press ALT and then S.

3	Press I.


Keyboard: Slowing Down or Speeding Up a Sound

To decrease the speed of a sound file by 50 percent:

1	Open the sound file that you want to slow down.

2	Press ALT and then S.

3	Press E.

To increase the speed of a sound file by 100 percent:

1	Open the sound file that you want to speed up.

2	Press ALT and then S.

3	Press N.


Keyboard: Adding an Echo to a Sound

To add an echo to a sound file:

1	Open the sound file to which you want to add echo.

2	Press ALT and then S.

3	Press A.


Keyboard: Reversing a Sound

To reverse a sound file:

1	Open the sound file you want to play in reverse.

2	Press ALT and then S.

3	Press R.


Quick Look at Sound Recorder


Sound Recorder

Lets you play, record, and edit sound files. You can also mix sounds and add sound effects to a file.


application Control-menu


title bar

Contains the title of the application running in the window, in this case Sound Recorder.

Drag the title bar to move the window.


Minimize button

Click the Minimize button to shrink the Sound Recorder window to an icon.


File menu


Edit menu


Effects menu


Help menu


menu bar

Contains the names of all the Sound Recorder menus.

Click a menu name to display commands.


status bar

Indicates whether a sound is playing or stopped.


playing position

Shows how many seconds a sound has been played.


sound wave

Displays the sound as if it were being shown on an oscilloscope.


length of sound

Shows how many seconds long a sound is.


left arrow

Click the arrow to move the playing position back .1 second.


scroll bar

Changes a sound's playing position.

Drag the scroll box to change the playing position.


scroll box

Drag the scroll box to change the playing position.


right arrow

Click the arrow to move the playing position forward .1 second.


Rewind button

Click the button to move the playing position to the beginning of a sound.


Forward button

Click the button to move the playing position to the end of a sound.


Play button

Click the button to start playing a sound.


Stop button

Click the button to stop playing a sound.


Record button

Lets you record sounds with a microphone.

Click the button to start recording a sound.


application window

The main window for an application, in this case the Sound Recorder window. The Sound Recorder application window contains the controls for playing, editing, and recording sound files.


application icon

Represents a running application. An application icon appears after you minimize an application.

Double-click an application icon to restore it to a window.


desktop

The background on which windows, icons, and dialog boxes appear.

Double-click anywhere on the desktop to start Task List.


Windows Glossary


Windows Glossary - A
A

386 enhanced mode

active

active printer

animation

application

application icon

application window

arrow keys

associate

AUTOEXEC.BAT


Windows Glossary - B
B

<< button

>> button

Back button

base-level synthesizer

batch file

baud rate

bitmap

branch

browse

byte


Windows Glossary - C
C

cascading menu	complementary color

CD-ROM	compound device

channel	CONFIG.SYS

check box	Contents button

choose	Control menu

Clipboard	Control-menu box

close	conventional memory

collapse	cutout

command

command button

command line


Windows Glossary - D
D

data bits	Directory Tree window

default button	directory window

default printer	disk-drive icon

desktop	display box

desktop pattern	document

destination directory	document file

device contention	document window

device driver	DOS

dialog box	drag

directory path	drop-down list box

Directory Tree


Windows Glossary - E
E

error-checking

expand

expanded memory

extended memory

extended synthesizer

extension


Windows Glossary - F
F

file

file information line

flow control

font

font size

format

full-screen application


Windows Glossary - G
G

General MIDI Mode standard

group

group icon

group window


Windows Glossary - H
H

History button

hotspot

hue

HyperGuide button bar


Windows Glossary - I
I

icon

insertion point

International MIDI Association


Windows Glossary - J
J

No defined terms.


Windows Glossary - K
K

keymaps

keyword

kilobyte


Windows Glossary - L
L

list box

local printer

local queue

luminosity


Windows Glossary - M
M

maximize	MIDI Mapper

Maximize button	MIDI sequencer

Media Control Interface	MIDI Manufacturer's Association (MMA)

memory	minimize

menu	Minimize button

menu bar	movie file

menu command	MSCDEX

menu name	multimedia extensions

menu title	Multimedia PC

MIDI	multitasking

MIDI file


Windows Glossary - N
N

network printer

network queue

network server

non-Windows application


Windows Glossary - O
O

open

option button


Windows Glossary - P
P

parity	print option

palette	printer-driver file

patch	printer font

patchmaps	printer queue information line

pathname	program file

picture elements	program information file (PIF)

pixels	program item

playlist	program item icon

pointer

port


Windows Glossary - Q
Q

No defined terms.


Windows Glossary - R
R

RGB components

read-only

real mode

Restore button

root directory


Windows Glossary - S
S

sample	serial port

saturation	shortcut key

scaled font size	shrink

screen font	simple device

screen saver	solid color

scroll arrow	source directory

scroll bar	spin box

scroll box	standard mode

Search button	status bar

select	stop bits

selection cursor	synthesizer


Windows Glossary - T
T

Task List

text box

text file

title

title bar

topic

track


Windows Glossary - U
U

Up button


Windows Glossary - V
V

vector font

virtual memory

volume label


Windows Glossary - W
W

waveform

WAVE format

wildcard characters

window

window border

Windows application

wrap


Windows Glossary - X
X

No defined terms.


Windows Glossary - Y
Y

No defined terms.


Windows Glossary - Z
Z

No defined terms.


386 enhanced mode, defined
386 enhanced mode

Provides access to the virtual memory capabilities of the Intel 80386 processor. With virtual memory capabilities, Windows applications can use more memory than is physically available. Enhanced mode also allows for multitasking of non-Windows applications.


active, defined
active

Describes the selected window or icon that you are currently working with. Windows always applies the next keystroke or command you choose to the active window. If a window is active, it appears in front of all other windows on the desktop, and its title bar changes color to differentiate it visually from other windows. If an icon is made active, its Control menu appears.

Inactive is the opposite of active and describes windows or icons on the desktop that are not selected.


active printer, defined
active printer

An installed printer that has been assigned to a printer port using Setup or Control Panel. More than one printer can be set up to work on a single port, but only one can be active, since only one printer can be physically connected to the port at a time.

An inactive printer is an installed printer that is not currently connected to the printer port.


animation

The display of a series of graphic images, simulating motion. You can play animation files (for example, files with the.MMM extension) with the Media Player accessory. Animations are also called movies.


application, defined
application

A computer program used for a particular kind of work, such as word processing. This term is often used interchangeably with "program."


application icon, defined
application icon

An icon that represents an application that is running.


application window, defined
application window

The main window for an application. It contains the application's menu bar and main workspace. An application window may contain multiple document windows.


ARROW keys, defined
arrow keys

The four arrow keys on your computer keyboard. These keys move the cursor or pointer on your screen to locations you choose. Each arrow key moves the cursor or pointer in the direction of the arrow on the key. Each arrow key is named for the direction in which arrow points: UP ARROW, DOWN ARROW, LEFT ARROW, and RIGHT ARROW.


associate, defined
associate

To assign files that have the same extension to a program. When you choose a file with the specified extension, the associated application runs with the file loaded.


AUTOEXEC.BAT, defined
AUTOEXEC.BAT

Batch file that lists MS-DOS commands. MS-DOS automatically carries out the commands in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file when you turn on your computer. The file is located in the root directory of your first hard disk, which is usually drive C.

Typically, an AUTOEXEC.BAT file starts memory-resident utilities such as a network and sets up environment variables that are used later by applications. In addition, your AUTOEXEC.BAT file might set your MS-DOS prompt or start pop-up programs such as Borland's SideKick.


<< button, defined
<< button

Displays the previous topic in a series of topics, until you reach the first topic in the series. Then the button is dimmed. Use this button when you want to backtrack through topics the way they are organized in HyperGuide.


>> button, defined
>> button

Displays the next topic in a series of topics, until you reach the last topic in the series. Then the button is dimmed. Use this button to move from topic to topic in the recommended order.


Back button, defined
Back button

Displays the last topic you viewed. HyperGuide moves back one topic at a time, in the order in which you viewed them.


base-level synthesizer, defined
base-level synthesizer

One of the two types of synthesizers accommodated by Windows.

MIDI files authored for Windows include two versions of a song: one version for base-level synthesizers and another version for extended synthesizers. The distinctions between base-level and extended synthesizers are based on the number of instruments and notes the synthesizer can play.


batch file, defined
batch file

A file that runs a sequence, or "batch," of commands when you type its filename. All filenames of batch files end with the extension .BAT, even though you don't have to type this extension to run the batch file.


baud rate, defined
baud rate

Signalling speed measured by the number of signals per second.


bitmap, defined
bitmap

An image stored as an array of bits.


branch, defined
branch

A segment of the Directory Tree, representing a directory and any subdirectories it contains.


browse, defined
browse

To look through files and directories. In some dialog boxes, the Browse button shows a list of files and directories from which you can choose.


byte, defined
byte

The amount of memory space (normally 8 bits) that a computer needs to represent a single character or word.


cascading menu, defined
cascading menu

A menu that opens from a command on another menu.


CD-ROM

Compact Disc-Read Only Memory. An optical data-storage technology that allows large quantities of data (such as animations, images, music, and sound) to be stored on a compact disc similar to discs used by the music industry.


channel

MIDI uses channels to send messages to individual devices within a MIDI setup. There are 16 MIDI channel numbers. Devices in a MIDI setup can be directed to respond only to messages marked with a channel number specific to the device.


check box, defined
check box

A small square box that appears in dialog boxes and can be selected or cleared. When the check box is selected, an X appears in the box.


choose, defined
choose

To use key combinations or your mouse to carry out a command in Windows. You often choose a command after you have selected an item or made it active.


Clipboard, defined
Clipboard

A temporary storage area in memory, used to transfer information. You can cut or copy information onto the Clipboard and then paste it into another document or application.


close, defined
close

To reduce a document window or application window to an icon or, in some cases, to remove it from the desktop. You close a window by double-clicking the Control-menu box or choosing the Close command from the Control menu. When closing an application window, you can choose to save or abandon changes to the current document before you close it.


collapse, defined
collapse

To hide a level of directory information in the Directory Tree window. When you first start File Manager, all directories but the root directory are collapsed.


command, defined
command

A word or phrase, usually found in a menu, that you choose to carry out an action.


ÿÿÿÿÿÿ


directory path, defined
directory path

The directions to a directory or file within your system.

In the illustration, C:\ART stands for the ART directory on drive C. Any commands you use affect the files and subdirectories in this directory.

When you want to specify a file, make sure the filename follows the directory path.


Directory Tree, defined
Directory Tree

A graphic display of a disk's directory structure. The directories on the disk are shown as branching from the disk's root directory.


Directory Tree window, defined
Directory Tree window

A File Manager window that shows the complete branching structure of the selected disk drive.


directory window, defined
directory window

A File Manager window that lists the contents of a specific directory. The directory window shows all the files and subdirectories contained in the directory.


disk-drive icon, defined
disk-drive icon

An icon in the Directory Tree window of File Manager that represents a disk drive on your system. Different icons depict floppy disk drives, hard disk drives, RAM drives, CD-ROM drives, and network disk drives.


display box, defined
display box

A display box is not an option, but a type of text box that shows an example of another option you have selected, in this case a sample of the 10 pt, underlined, Helvetica font.


document, defined
document

Whatever you create with an application, including information you enter, edit, view, or save. A document can be a business report, a spreadsheet, a picture, and so on.


document file, defined
document file

Files that are associated with an application. You can start an application and open the associated file by choosing a document file icon.


document window, defined
document window

A window inside an application window. Each document window contains a single document or other data file. There can be more than one document window inside an application window.


DOS

Disk Operating System, typically known as MS-DOS (Microsoft) or PC-DOS (IBM). This is the underlying software that must exist for your PC to operate.


drag, defined
drag

A mouse move. You drag a Windows element by pointing to it, holding down the mouse button, and sliding the mouse from one spot on the surface of your desk to another and releasing the mouse button.


drop-down list box, defined
drop-down list box

A list box that opens and closes in dialog boxes.

Before you open a drop-down list box, it looks like this:

After the list box is open, it looks like this:

NOTE: When the list is longer than the box, scroll bars are provided.


error checking, defined
error checking

A method for validating transmissions.


expand, defined
expand

To show hidden directory levels in the Directory Tree. With File Manager, you can expand a single directory level, one branch of the Directory Tree, or all branches at once.


expanded memory, defined
expanded memory

Memory in addition to conventional memory that is available to applications. It is allocated in 16K blocks. Windows makes use of expanded memory only if the /r switch is used at startup. Windows running in 386 enhanced mode simulates expanded memory for the applications that need it. Windows running in standard mode or 386 enhanced mode allows applications to use expanded memory, but does not use expanded memory itself in managing applications.


extended memory, defined
extended memory

Memory in addition to conventional memory that is not readily accessible to MS-DOS or MS-DOS applications. Extended memory cannot be used on 8086 and 8088 computers. Windows running in standard mode or 386 enhanced mode uses extended memory to manage and run applications.


extended synthesizer, defined
extended synthesizer

One of the two types of synthesizers accommodated by Windows.

MIDI files authored for Windows include two versions of a song: one version for base-level synthesizers and another version for extended synthesizers. The distinctions between base-level and extended synthesizers are based on the number of instruments and notes the synthesizer can play.


extension, defined
extension

Part of a file or directory name that appears after a period and provides additional information. It usually indicates the type of file or directory. For example, program files have default extensions of .COM or .EXE .

Many applications include a default extension automatically when you save a file the first time. For example, Notepad adds a .TXT extension to all filenames unless you specify otherwise.


file, defined
file

A document or application that has been given a name. All documents are stored as files in Wiindows.


file information line, defined
file information line

Information specific to each file in a print queue. The information can include these details:

The file's position in the queue or a printer icon if the file is printing.

The title of the print job assigned by the application (if your network software supports this).

What percentage of the file has printed so far.

The size of the file in kilobytes (if the Print File Size command on the View menu is selected).

The time and date you sent the file to Print Manager (if the Time/Date Sent command on the View menu is selected).

If you are connected to a network printer, the printer queue information line shows the network server connection. Any detailed information the network can provide appears in the message box at the upper-right corner of the Print Manager window. Networks can provide varying degrees of detailed information.


flow control, defined
flow control

The method for controlling the flow of information.


font, defined
font

A graphic design applied to all numerals, symbols, and characters in the alphabet. A font usually comes in different sizes and provides different styles, such as bold, italic, and underlining for emphasizing text.


font size, defined
font size

The height of a printed character, measured in points. One inch equals 72 points. For example, 12-point Helv is 12 points high.

The font and font size you use determine the amount of text that fits on one page.


format, defined
format

(1) The appearance of text on the pages of a document. (2) To prepare a disk so it can hold information. Formatting a disk erases all information that was previously on it.


full-screen application, defined
full-screen application

A non-Windows application that uses the entire screen--rather than a window--to run in the Windows environment.


General MIDI Mode Standard, defined
General MIDI Mode standard

A MIDI specification controlled by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA). The purpose of this specification is to enable MIDI file authors to create files that sound the same across a variety of different synthesizers.


group, defined
group

A collection of applications within Program Manager. Grouping your applications makes them easier to find.


group icon, defined
group icon

A group window you have reduced to an icon in Program Manager.


group window, defined
group window

A window that displays the items in a group within Program Manager. These items can be applications, files associated with applications, or a combination of both.


History button, defined
History button

Displays a list of the HyperGuide topics you have viewed. Use this button to revisit any of the last 40 HyperGuide topics you have viewed. The most recent topic appears first.


hotspot

Text, graphics, or parts of graphics that provide links to other HyperGuide topics or more information about the current topic.

Whether text or graphics, the pointer changes to the shape of a hand whenever it is over a hotspot. If you click a hotspot that is linked to another topic, that topic will appear in the HyperGuide window. If the hotspot is linked to more information, HyperGuide displays the information in a popup window on top of the HyperGuide window.


hue, defined
hue

The position of a color along the color spectrum.


Help button bar, defined
HyperGuide button bar

Contains the HyperGuide buttons you use to move among topics and contents screens. It is located near the top of the HyperGuide window.


icon, defined
icon

A graphic representation of a disk drive, directory, group, application, document, and so on. You can restore an application icon to a window when you want to use the application.


insertion point, defined
insertion point

The place where text will be inserted when you type.The insertion point usually appears as a flashing vertical bar in an application's window or in a dialog box. The text you type appears to the left of the insertion point, which moves to the right as you type.


International MIDI Association (IMA)

The non-profit MIDI organization that circulates information about the MIDI specification.


keymaps, defined
keymaps

Percussion instruments are key-based--each note plays a different percussion instrument. Keymaps translate MIDI key values to ensure the proper percussion instruments are used to play MIDI files. All MIDI files for Windows are authored using standard key assignments based on the General MIDI Mode standard.


keyword, defined
keyword

Words in the HyperGuide Search dialog box that are associated with topics. Each application's documentation has its own keyword list, including the glossary words in HyperGuide. You select from the list of keywords or type a keyword to see the list of topics associated with that keyword.


kilobyte, defined
kilobyte

The measurement used for the size of a computer's memory, where 1 kilobyte (K) = 1,024 bytes.


list box, defined
list box

A box within a dialog box that lists available choices--for example, the list of all available files in a directory. If all the choices don't fit in the box, there will be a vertical scroll bar to the right of the list box. In some list boxes, you can select more than one item.


local printer, defined
local printer

A printer that is directly connected to your printer by a cable.


local queue, defined
local queue

Lists the files that you directed to any active printer connected to your computer. The computer and printers are connected locally by a cable.

When Print Manager starts printing on a local printer, its icon appears at the bottom of your screen. If you restore the icon to a window, you see the print queue for any active printer connected to your computer. You can use the Print Manager window to check the status of files in the print queue or to interrupt or cancel a print job.


luminosity, defined
luminosity

The brightness of the color on a scale from black to white.


maximize, defined
maximize

To enlarge a window to its maximum size by using the Maximize button or the Maximize command.


Maximize button, defined
Maximize button

The small button at the upper-right corner of a window that contains an Up arrow. Mouse users can click the Maximize button to enlarge a window to its maximum size. Keyboard users can use the Maximize command on the Control menu.


Media Control Interface, defined
Media Control Interface (MCI)

A standard control interface for multimedia devices and files. MCI allows a multimedia application to easily control a variety of multimedia devices and files.


memory, defined
memory

The space in a computer where information is stored while you are working with it. Most PCs have a small amount of read-only memory (ROM), containing the built-in programs that start the operation of the computer when it is turned on, and a large amount of random-access memory (RAM) for users' programs and data.


menu, defined
menu

A list of available commands in an application window. Menu names appear in the menu bar near the top of the window. The Control menu, represented by the Control-menu box at the left end of the title bar, is common to all Windows applications. You use a command on a menu by selecting the menu name, then choosing the command you want.


menu bar, defined
menu bar

The horizontal bar containing the names of an application's menus. It appears just under the title bar.


menu command, defined
menu command

A word or phrase in a menu that you choose to carry out an action, such as copying a file.


menu name, defined
menu name

The name for a particular menu that appears in the menu bar and opens a menu when you choose it.


menu title, defined
menu title

A word or phrase in the menu bar that identifies a group of commands. Selecting the menu title causes the title to be highlighted and its menu of commands to appear below it.


MIDI

Musical Instrument Digital Interface. MIDI sets a communications standard for transferring data between musical instruments and associated devices.


MIDI file

A file format for storing MIDI songs. In Windows, MIDI files have a .MID filename extension.


MIDI Mapper

A Control Panel option that lets you create and edit MIDI setup maps. Windows uses these maps to translate and redirect MIDI data.


MIDI Sequencer

Software that creates or plays songs stored as MIDI files. When a sequencer plays MIDI files, it sends MIDI data from the file to a MIDI synthesizer that produces the sounds. Windows provides a MIDI sequencer to play MIDI files.


MIDI Manufacturer's Association (MMA)

A collective organization composed of MIDI instrument manufacturers and MIDI software companies. The MMA works with the MIDI Standards Committee to maintain the MIDI specification.


minimize, defined
minimize

To reduce a window to an icon using the Minimize button or the Minimize command. The document or application remains open (or running), and can be the active application or document.


Minimize button, defined
Minimize button

The small button at the upper-right corner of a window that contains a Down arrow. Mouse users can click the Minimize button to reduce a window to an icon. Keyboard users can use the Minimize command on the Control menu.


movie file

A multimedia data file (for example, a file with the .MMM extension). You can play movie files with the Media Player accessory. Movie files are also called animations.


MSCDEX

Microsoft Compact Disc Extensions. MSCDEX is software that makes CD-ROM drives appear to DOS as network drives. You must have MSCDEX installed on your computer for the CD-ROM drive to work.


multimedia extensions

Additional features added to Windows version 3.0 that enable your computer to run animations, play sound and MIDI files, and display high-quality images.


Multimedia PC

Multimedia personal computer. A multimedia computer satisfies a minimum set of hardware/software requirements necessary for multimedia computing. The requirements include:

An 80286/386/486 microprocessor running at 10MHz or faster

2MB or more of RAM

30MB or larger hard disk

VGA display

A digital audio subsystem

A CD-ROM drive

Systems software compatible with Microsoft Windows version 3.0 with multimedia extensions


multitasking, defined
multitasking

The ability of a single computer to perform several tasks simultaneously.

Multitasking makes it possible to print one document while editing another, or to perform lengthy computations while you work on something else.


network printer, defined
network printer

A printer that is accessible to your computer only through a network.


network queue, defined
network queue

Lists the files on the network server if you are using a network printer.


network server, defined
network server

A computer on a network that provides a particular service to other computers. For example, a disk server manages a large file server, and a print server manages a printer.


non-Windows application, defined
non-Windows application

An application that was not designed to run in Windows. Generally, non-Windows applications do not conform to Windows user-interface standards.


open, defined
open

To display the contents of a directory or file in a window, or to enlarge an icon to a window.


option button, defined
option button

A small round button that appears in a dialog box and is used to select an option. Within a group of related option buttons, you can select only one button.


palette

Defines the colors used in a bitmap image. Every device independent bitmap (DIB) has an associated color palette.


parity, defined
parity

The method of detecting errors in data transmission.


patch

A specific sound created by a synthesizer. A synthesizer plays notes using sounds defined as patches.


patchmaps, defined
patchmaps

A patch is a specific sound created by a synthesizer. A synthesizer plays notes using sounds defined as patches. Patchmaps translate MIDI patch changes to ensure the proper instruments are used to play MIDI files. All MIDI files for Windows are authored using standard patch assignments based on the General MIDI Mode standard.


pathname, defined
pathname

The directions to a directory or file within your system. For example, C:\WINDOWS3\APPTS\JUNE.CAL is the pathname of the JUNE.CAL file in the APPTS subdirectory in the WINDOWS3 directory on drive C.


picture elements, defined
picture elements

The smallest graphics unit on the screen. Also known as pels.


pixels, defined
pixels

The smallest graphic units on the screen. Also known as picture elements (pels).


playlist, defined
playlist

A list of compact disc titles and tracks that determines the order in which the tracks on the disc are played. Playlists are only used in Music Box.

Use the Program button to assign or edit titles, and to change the playlist.


pointer, defined
pointer

In Windows, the shape of the pointer indicates its function.

	For selecting Windows items, scrolling, resizing windows, and moving windows and dialog boxes with your mouse. This is the pointer you will see most often.
	For choosing a HyperGuide hotspot.
	For selecting text with your mouse.
	For changing the size of a window with your mouse.
	For changing the location or size of a window with your keyboard.
	For indicating the application is processing your request.


port, defined
port

A connection on a computer where you plug in a cable that carries data to a device.

LPT ports are parallel ports. COM ports are serial ports. EPT is a port used for certain printers, such as the IBM Personal Pageprinter. You can use the EPT port only if you have installed a special card in your computer.

Multimedia PCs also have a port for a MIDI sequencer.


print options, defined
print options

Printer-specific settings such as page orientation--portrait or landscape--or the manner in which paper feeds through the printer. These options vary from printer to printer.


printer-driver file, defined
printer-driver file

A file that gives Windows important information about how to control your printer, including details about printer features and the printing interface, descriptions of fonts (such as sizes and styles), character translations, and control sequences the printer uses to achieve various formats. Windows has printer-driver files for most commonly used printers.


printer font, defined
printer font

A series of dots connected by lines that can be scaled to different sizes. Another name for printer fonts is vector (or stroke) fonts. Plotters typically use vector fonts.


printer queue information line, defined
printer queue information line

Indicates the following:

The name of the printer.

Where the printer connects to your computer.

The current status of the printer.


program file, defined
program file

A file that contains information that controls an application. In File Manager, each program file is represented by an icon. You can start the application by choosing the icon. Filenames for program files can have these extensions: .EXE, .COM, .PIF, and .BAT.


program information file (PIF), defined
program information file (PIF)

A file that provides important information that Windows needs to run a non-Windows application. PIFs contain information such as the name of the file, a startup directory, whether the program writes directly to the screen or to memory, and multitasking options for applications running in 386 enhanced mode.


program item, defined
program item

A program file or associated document represented by an icon in Program Manager. The program item provides the instructions Windows needs to start an application and open a document (if specified) when you choose the icon.


program item icon, defined
program item icon

An icon representing an application you can start or an associated document you can open from a group in Program Manager. The program item provides the instructions Windows needs to start an application and open a document (if specified) when you choose the icon.


RGB components, defined
RGB components

The amount of each of the three primary colors--red, green, and blue--present in a color. Every color and pattern is made by varying the three primary colors. This is true even in monochrome (black and white) mode. For instance, white is made by mixing together 255 parts of red, 255 parts of green, and 255 parts of blue. Black, on the other hand, is 0 red, 0 green, and 0 blue.


read-only, defined
read-only

Describes a file or CD-ROM disc that can only be opened and read. You cannot edit a read-only file or CD-ROM disc and save your changes.


real mode, defined
real mode

An operating mode that Windows runs in to provide maximum compatibility with versions of Windows applications released prior to Windows version 3.0. Real mode is the only mode available for computers with less than 1 MB of extended memory.


Restore button, defined
Restore button

The small button at the upper-right corner of a window that contains both an Up arrow and a Down arrow. The Restore button appears only after you have enlarged a window to its maximum size. Mouse users can click the Restore button to return the window to its previous size. Keyboard users can use the Restore command on the Control menu.


root directory, defined
root directory

The main directory on a disk. The root directory is created at the first level when you format a disk. The symbol used to indicate the root directory of a disk is the backslash (\). For example, the root directory for drive C is noted as C:\.


sample

A piece of waveform data represented by a single numerical value. You convert sound into digital form by taking samples of the sound at specific time intervals and converting them to numeric values.


saturation, defined
saturation

The purity of a hue, moving from gray to the pure color.


scaled font size, defined
scaled font size

A font size that approximates a specified font size for use on the screen. Windows scales larger font sizes when a size that is available for the printer is not available for the screen. Scaled fonts may look slightly different from unscaled fonts. When you choose a smaller font size that is available for the printer but not for the screen, Windows substitutes the correct size from a precision-drawn font that resembles the selected font as closely as possible.


screen font, defined
screen font

A font that duplicates a printer font on your screen.

If you choose a printer font that does not have a corresponding screen font, Windows substitutes a screen font that closely resembles the printer font. The substitute font duplicates the line lengths and page breaks of the font you selected.

When you purchase extra fonts from a printer or font manufacturer, ask about the availability of screen fonts to match.


screen saver

An image or pattern that is shown on your computer screen during periods of inactivity. Screen savers hide information currently on the screen; by changing patterns they can also save wear on the electronics in the display.


scroll arrow, defined
scroll arrow

An arrow on either end of a scroll bar that is used to scroll through the contents of a window or list box. Clicking a scroll arrow moves the contents one line. Holding down a scroll arrow scrolls the contents continuously.

Scroll arrows also control the playing of media in some applications, such as Media Player and Sound Recorder.


scroll bar, defined
scroll bar

A bar that appears at the right and/or bottom edge of a window whose contents aren't completely visible. Each scroll bar contains two scroll arrows and a scroll box, which allow you to scroll within the window or list box.

A scroll bar is also used to control playing of media in some applications, such as Media Player and Sound Recorder.


scroll box, defined
scroll box

The square or rectangular box within a scroll bar that indicates your relative position within a document or list box. Mouse users can drag the scroll box up or down quickly through long documents.

A scroll box is also used to control playing of media in some applications, such as Media Player and Sound Recorder.


Search button, defined
Search button

Displays the keywords you can use to search for topics. Use this button to look for topics related to a keyword.


select, defined
select

To mark an item by highlighting it with key combinations or with a mouse. Selecting does not initiate an action. After selecting an item, you choose the action that affects or involves the item. For example, you can select text and then choose the Copy command to copy the text onto the Clipboard.


selection cursor, defined
selection cursor

The marking device that shows where you are in a window, menu, or dialog box and what you have selected. The selection cursor appears as a dotted box around the text in a dialog box option.


serial ports, defined
serial ports

Ports used by your system, named COM1, COM2, and so on. Serial ports are typically used for connecting modems, mouse devices, and some kinds of printers.


shortcut key, defined
shortcut key

A key or key combination, available for some commands, that you can press to carry out a command without first selecting a menu. The shortcut key for a command is listed to the right of the command name on the menu.


shrink, defined
shrink

To reduce a window to an icon using the Minimize button or the Minimize command. The document or application remains open (or running), and can be the active application or document.


simple device, defined
simple device

Devices, such as audio compact-disc players, that don't have an associated file and can be opened without a filename specification.


solid color, defined
solid color

A color directly supported by your display.


source directory, defined
source directory

The directory containing the file or files you intend to copy or move.


spin box, defined
spin box

A spin box shows one item in a range of possible choices. Clicking the Up or Down arrow to the right of the entry lets you "spin" through the available choices until your choice appears in the display rectangle.


standard mode, defined
standard mode

The normal operating mode for running Windows. This mode provides access to extended memory. In standard mode, you can also switch among non-Windows applications.


substitute


window border, defined
window border

The outside edge of a window. You can lengthen or shorten each border. You can also change the width of the border with Control Panel's Desktop command.


Windows application, defined
Windows application

An application that was designed for Windows and will not run without Windows. All Windows applications follow the same conventions for arrangement of menus, style of dialog boxes, use of the keyboard and mouse, and so on.


wrap, defined
wrap

The automatic movement of the insertion point from the end of one line to the beginning of the next line as you type. When text wraps, you do not need to press ENTER at the end of each line in a paragraph.