Q-emuLator for Windows - Version 2.3.2 - August 1st, 2004
USER MANUAL
Index
Q-emuLator is a software emulator of the Sinclair QL home computer.
Originally written in 1994/95 for the Mac OS, Q-emuLator was ported to Windows three years later, and is still being improved.
Q-emuLator emulates the QL processor (the Motorola M68008) and redirects the QL I/O (video, keyboard, mouse, mass storage, sound, joystick, parallel and serial ports) to the PC hardware. Putting a QL ROM in this virtual environment makes it possible to run QDOS without its noticing that it's not running in a QL black case.
Q-emuLator runs like any other applications in the Windows environment, without taking over all the machine. You can switch to other active applications, and Q-emuLator can also run (more slowly) in the background.
A 486 or better system with Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT 4, Windows 2000, Windows XP or later.
Sound emulation and full screen graphics are available if DirectX is installed on your system. (Recent Windows installations usually already include DirectX).
Formatting of QL disks is available only when running on Windows NT 4 or later (including Windows XP and Windows 2000).
Installation and using other QL ROMs
No special installation is required before running Q-emuLator: run the program and start the emulation by choosing "Start" from the 'QL' menu, or just by clicking over the QL picture!
Have fun!
The emulator needs a file with a 48KB QL rom image to work, but such a file is already provided with Q-emuLator.
The provided ROM is a Minerva 1.97 ROM, compatible with the original Sinclair ROMs, but faster and with more features.
Minerva ROMs are public domain. Tony Firshman made version 1.89 and earlier public domain a few years ago, and more recently Laurence Reeves (who wrote Minerva) made all versions public and released the latest sources under the GNU license. (Download Minerva sources).
If you prefer to use Sinclair ROM images, you can find them on the Internet (follow the link from the
'Q-emuLator for Windows' www page),
or you can create it on your QL with the "SBYTES FLP1_QL_ROM,0,49152" command. This command doesn't work on Gold Card and Super Gold Card systems, as you get a modified ROM image instead of the original one.
Therefore, if you have a (Super) Gold Card, you must disconnect it before using the SBYTES SuperBASIC command and copy the ROM to a microdrive, then from there to a floppy
after reconnecting the card.
Once you have the ROM file on a QDOS floppy disk you can read it from Q-emuLator on your PC. Follow these steps:
What if you would like to install a new ROM image that is already on your PC, instead? (For example a ROM that you downloaded from Internet.) In this case you need to point Q-emuLator to the ROM image: go to the 'QL Configuration' window (Choose 'QL Configuration...' from the 'QL' menu), click the uppermost 'Select...' button and find the ROM image file in the file selection window that appears. Click the 'OK' button to close the 'QL Configuration' window. Done!
Running SMSQ/E for the Gold Card (available only with the "Expanded QL" registration)
If you have a Gold Card or Super Gold Card QL expansion and you are running a recent copy of the SMSQ/E operating system on it, you can use your copy of SMSQ/E with Q-emuLator, too. Just configure the emulated QL to start with any Sinclair or Minerva ROM and plenty of RAM, and load and execute the SMSQ_GOLD file as you usually do on your (Super) Gold Card system. (E.g. LRESPR win1_SMSQ_GOLD, assuming you have the Toolkit II installed in the emulator and you put the SMSQ_GOLD file in a PC directory associated with win1_).
Q-emuLator now emulates some of the Gold Card's hardware. Not all of it, but just enough to support SMSQ/E. The emulator also detects SMSQ/E being loaded and automatically adds its own device drivers to SMSQ/E, allowing for example access to the Windows file system. A mouse driver is also installed when you load SMSQ_GOLD, allowing you to use the PC mouse right away.
Note: compatibility with SMSQ/E for the Gold Card is a new and still experimental feature. In particular, some problems may be expected with the file system and I/O in general, as the Q-emuLator's device drivers are not completely compatible with the ones in SMSQ/E. Some preliminary testing has been done using SMSQ/E for the Gold Card versions from 2.97 to 3.01, and Q-emuLator is not expected to run with old versions of SMSQ/E. Please report any problems you find running SMSQ/E on Q-emuLator.
The program main window has two parts: the upper part shows the QL display, and the lower part the virtual microdrives.
You can attach a Windows directory, a disk drive or a QXL.WIN file to a microdrive slot by clicking in it (in the microdrive slot gray rectangle) and selecting a command from a popup menu.
To transfer files from your QL system to the PC you can use QDOS formatted floppy disks and read them from Q-emuLator.
When the emulation is running, you can enter Q-emuLator's full screen mode(s). Full screen modes are available on most systems, but may not be available on old systems if DirectX is not installed or if the graphics card driver doesn't support DirectX.
Press the F12 keys to enter the full screen mode. This mode is slow, because each QL pixel is mapped to multiple PC pixels, but the QL display takes the whole screen. This is the only mode that emulates flashing in the QL 8 colors display mode. To return to window mode, press F12.
In full screen mode, menus and microdrive slots are not visible. To access them, return to window mode by pressing F12.
If you have the "Expanded QL" registration, press the Shift+F12 key to enter the fast screen mode, where the QL display occupies most of the screen. This is the fastest graphics mode. Press F12 again to return to window mode.
Executable files (and some other kind of files) are stored on the PC in a special format containing QDOS-specific information.
The "QL Software\FileUtil" folder contains some utilities that can be used on a QL, should you ever need to translate files on a QL between QDOS and Q-emuLator for Windows formats. The translation is automatically carried over for you on your PC when you use Q-emuLator to copy files between a Windows directory and a QDOS formatted disk. To translate (on a QL) QDOS files to the Windows format you can use the "QLToWin_exe" utility. The archive contains two other utilities: "MdvToWin_exe" translates to the Windows format files stored on copy protected microdrives, while "WinToQL_exe" translates back from the Windows format to the QL's.
Note: most non-executable files don't need to store extra QDOS information; therefore they have the same format both in the QDOS and in the Windows environment.
Access to QDOS formatted floppy disks
You can attach QDOS formatted floppy disks to the virtual microdrive slots. When you click on a slot you can choose to attach it to a Windows directory, to a QXL.WIN file ("Expanded QL" registration only) or to a floppy disk drive with a QDOS formatted disk in it, or you can empty the slot if it was already filled. Note that you access each of the eight virtual MDV slots with all of the MDV, FLP and WIN device names, regardless of what type of medium is attached to a slot.
Note: FLP1 and FLP2 refer to slot 1 and slot 2, NOT to drive A: and B:. Of course, if you like you can attach drive A: to slot 1 and drive B: to slot 2, but you are not required to do so.
Format QL floppy disks (not available on Windows 95/98/ME)
The FORMAT command is available only on Windows NT4, Windows 2000 or Windows XP or later.
For example, if you want to format a floppy disk in QL format you could proceed as follows: 1) start Q-emuLator, and start emulation by clicking on the QL picture and then pressing F1 at the QL F1/F2 prompt; 2) click on the first microdrive slot and select QDOS Floppy Disk and then A: from the menu; 3) insert the disk in drive A: and finally enter the SuperBASIC command FORMAT FLP1_.
When you FORMAT a disk, Q-emuLator automatically detects the disk density and formats the disk with the appropriate number of sectors, resulting in 720KB of free space for a DD (double density) disk and 1.4MB of free space for a HD (high density) disk.
A window pops up asking you to choose between Full Format and Fast Format modes, or you can cancel the operation. Full Format completely erases the disk, while Fast Format just empties an already formatted disk, but is extremely fast.
IMPORTANT: Use the Fast Format option only to quickly erase all the files from an already formatted disk (either in PC or QL format). If the disk is unformatted and you use Fast Format, you may lose all the data that you subsequently store on the disk. With both the Full and Fast types of format, any data stored on the disk is completely erased and there's no way to recover it after the format operation!
You can use the Fast Format option to quickly erase a formatted PC disk and convert it to the QL disk format.
During a Full Format operation, a window shows its progress and offers the option to abort it by pressing the Cancel button. However, even if you press Cancel at this point, any data previously present on the disk are lost.
Access to QXL.WIN files (available only with the "Expanded QL" registration)
In this manual the term 'QXL.WIN file' refers to the DOS files used by the QXL (a hardware QL emulator for DOS) to store the emulated QL filesystem. These files are similar to images of QL hard disks stored in a single DOS file.
Q-emuLator allows you to attach QXL.WIN files to microdrive slots to access their content: right-click on a microdrive slot and select Qxl Hard Disk File...) from the menu, then choose a QXL.WIN file to open.
You can read and modify existing QXL.WIN files, but creating new ones is not supported, yet.
Q-emuLator is compatible with all types of PC keyboards.
The keyboard type-ahead buffer has been expanded from the QL's 7 characters to over 1000 characters.
Some PC keys not available originally on the QL are used as a shortcut for common combinations of QL keys:
Three other PC keys have special functions :
Ram disk (available only with the "Expanded QL" registration)
Q-emuLator provides a built-in ram disk device driver. If you use it instead of loading a QL software ram disk driver (like 'ramprt') you will gain in speed.
The device name is 'ram' (but you can change it in the 'QL Configuration' window) and it has eight drives, 'ram1_' through 'ram8_'.
You can use the ram disk both in dynamic and static mode. In dynamic mode you can freely copy files to the ram disk and more ram will be allocated for it every time it is needed, up to filling the whole QL's memory. In static mode you assign a fixed memory amount to each drive, by formatting the drive and specifying the requested number of blocks as the medium name: for example, the command 'FORMAT ram1_400' assigns a fixed amount of 200K (as each block is 512 bytes long) to the first ram drive.
To erase a whole ram disk drive at once use the 'FORMAT' command without specifying a file name: for example 'FORMAT ram4_'.
In static mode all the memory needed by the driver is allocated when you format the drive. This means that you are sure that no other job can take away that memory before the ram driver needs it, but also that the ram driver is not allowed to use more memory than the amount specified.
While dynamic mode is easier to use, you are encouraged to use static mode whenever it is possible, because it is a lot faster: in dynamic mode the driver has to call emulated QDOS routines every time that it wants to allocate or release a block of memory, whereas in static mode all the memory is allocated at the beginning and QDOS is no longer called.
The ram disk device driver is not level 2 (i.e. it doesn't support subdirectories), and there are no SuperBASIC extensions to modify its behaviour (for example there is no RAM_USE keyword).
If you prefer to use another ram disk driver (although it will be slower, as it has to be emulated), just disable the built in device driver in the 'QL Configuration' window, and install your driver by installing an add-on rom containing it or by loading it from your boot file.
Note: For a ram disk drive used in dynamic mode, the DIR command reports a negative number of free sectors and zero total sectors. Zero is the number of sectors statically allocated to the ram drive (none if in dynamic mode). The number of free sectors is calculated as the total number of statically allocated sectors (zero for a dynamic ram drive) minus the number of used sectors, and it is therefore negative for a dynamic ram drive. Consider for example a ram drive whith 100 sectors full of data; if in dynamic mode, DIR reports -100/0 free sectors; if the ram drive was statically formatted with 400 sectors, DIR reports 300/400 free sectors.
QL 'BEEP' emulation is available if DirectSound (a DirectX component) is installed on your system.
Sound is on by default. You can turn it off through a switch in the 'QL' menu.
There is still a minor problem with sound emulation: a click is sometimes heard if a BEEP command is issued when a previous BEEP command is still playing.
Mouse support (available only with the "Expanded QL" registration)
Mouse emulation is provided under the Pointer Environment through a special mouse driver, named 'MacMouse'.
To take advantage of it, install the 'MacMouse' mouse driver (included in the Q-emuLator package) JUST AFTER having installed the Pointer Environment (that is, the 'PTR_GEN' extension, not included in the Q-emuLator package).
To install the mouse driver use the following SuperBASIC command:
a=RESPR(1024):LBYTES mdv1_MacMousexy,a:CALL a
or, if Toolkit II is installed:
LRESPR mdv1_MacMousexy
The command assumes that the 'MacMousexy' file (replace x and y with the version number: for example 'MacMouse11' for the mouse driver version 1.1) is in the first Microdrive slot.
Exception: You don't need to follow these steps to install the mouse driver when running SMSQ/E for the Gold Card. SMSQ/E includes the Pointer Environment in it, and Q-emuLator automatically installs a mouse driver when SMSQ_GOLD is loaded.
Once the mouse driver is installed, any active QL mouse cursor will be moved instead of the Windows pointer when it is over the QL display window (provided that the QL display window is the frontmost window).
Note that as the QL cursor follows the Windows' one, its speed is independent from any settings in the QL environment. On the PC, the mouse speed can be adjusted in the Mouse Control Panel.
Unlike the left and right mouse buttons, the central button is not emulated.
Select 'Joystick' in the 'QL' menu to enable or disable joystick emulation.
When enabled, the PC joystick will be seen by the QL as connected to the CTL1 port.
The QL had a real time clock, but you had to set it every time you started the computer, because there was no battery to keep it working while the computer was powered off. On Q-emuLator there's no need to set the QL real time clock, as the current date and time is read from the PC clock every time the program starts.
Note: changing the QL clock settings doesn't affect the PC clock, and the change is limited to the duration of the current emulation session.
SER1 and SER2 are linked to COM1: and COM2:, although you can redirect them to any COM port. With the "Expanded QL" registration you can also use SER3 and SER4, linked by default to COM3: and COM4:.
To open a serial port I/O channel you specify the device name and options with the following syntax:
SERnpft
n, p, f and t represent optional characters that you can add to the name to specify the port number and other parameters. The following table shows the possible values for these parameters:
Parameter |
Parameter's meaning |
Possible values |
Values' meaning |
Default value |
n |
Serial port number |
1 - 4 |
Port 1 - Port 4 |
1 |
p |
Parity checking |
E O M S |
Even Odd Mark Space |
None (no parity checking) |
f |
Flow control |
H I |
Hardware handshake No handshake |
H |
t |
CR, EOF translation |
R Z F C |
No translation Use Ctrl-Z as end of file Use Form Feed as end of file Use Ctrl-Z as end of file and CR as end of line |
R |
You can omit any of the n, p, f and/or t parameters (the driver assumes default values), but if you specify them you can't invert their order. For example you can write SERHZ, but not SERZH.
The baud rate can be set to most of the usual QDOS values, plus many PC values not originally supported by the QL, up to 256000 baud, if your serial port supports it. For the higher transmission rates, however, it is recommended to use hardware handshake, as otherwise the emulated QL could be too slow to handle the data without losses.
The TRA command, present in JS and later ROM's versions, is not implemented. This command allows to specify a character translation table, but usually communication programs don't use this feature.
The Minerva and SMSQ extensions to the serial driver are not supported.
Parallel ports (available only with the "Expanded QL" registration)
You can access to the LPT1: and LPT2: parallel ports of your PC through the PAR1 and PAR2 QL devices.
The driver supports bi-directional ports.
To open a parallel port I/O channel you specify the device name and options with the following syntax:
PARnt
n and t represent optional characters that you can add to the name to specify the port number and other parameters. The following table shows the possible values for these parameters:
Parameter |
Parameter's meaning |
Possible values |
Values' meaning |
Default value |
n |
Parallel port number |
1 - 2 |
Port 1 - Port 2 |
1 |
t |
CR, EOF translation |
R Z F C |
No translation Use Ctrl-Z as end of file Use Form Feed as end of file Use Ctrl-Z as end of file and CR as end of line |
R |
You can omit the n and/or t parameter (the driver assumes default values), but if you specify them you can't invert their order. For example you can write PAR2Z, but not PARZ2.
You can disable the QL parallel device or change its name in the 'QL Configuration' window.
TCP/IP (available only with the "Expanded QL" registration)
Q-emuLator implements SCK_ and TCP_ device drivers to allow use of the Windows TCP/IP stack. Only a subset of the socket functions are implemented, but there is enough functionality to run the QDOS port of the Lynx Internet browser, FTP and other programs.
TCP/IP is available by default. You can disable or reenable the QL TCP/IP device driver in the 'QL Configuration' window.
The term configuration denotes a set of Q-emuLator's preferences and of emulated QL's settings. Only one configuration can be active at any time. You can change some configuration settings through menus. For example you can change the QL's RAM amount through the 'RAM' menu. All the other settings that can't be changed through menus are editable in the 'QL Configuration' window.
To open the 'QL Configuration' window, choose the 'QL Configuration' command from the 'QL' menu.
The 'QL Configuration' window has five pages, named 'ROMs', 'Devices', 'Serial ports', 'Graphics' and 'Start-up'.
You access each page by clicking on its label in the top part of the window.
Some of the options in the window may be disabled if you have the "Original QL" registration.
The 'ROMs' page allows setting the names and locations of the QL ROM images to be used by the emulator. File paths can be absolute or relative. In the latter case they are relative to the directory containing the Q-emuLator application.
The 'Devices' page allows to enable or disable devices not present in the original QL (for example, the ram disk) and to change their names. Device names can be 1 to 9 characters long. You can also enable or disable support for QL subdirectories.
The 'Serial ports' page defines which PC COM port to attach to each of the four QL SER devices available (SER1 to SER4). A QL SER device can be disabled by setting its output to 'None'. You can route more than one QL SER device to the same COM port, provided you don't use all of them at the same time.
The 'Graphics' page allows to enable or disable acceleration of some QDOS graphics commands (cls, scroll, pan, block, mode). Enable graphics acceleration for maximum speed, disable it when you run emulation at original QL speed to play games or in case graphics acceleration turns out to be incompatible with your QL software.
The 'Start-up' page allows to specify an optional key to be automatically pressed at the initial QL F1/F2 prompt, which display mode to use when starting emulation and to enable or disable two more Q-emuLator preferences:
Configuration files store the emulated QL's configuration and some other Q-emuLator's settings.
Configuration files have a ".QCF" suffix.
To start Q-emuLator with the settings specified in a particular configuration file, double-click its icon, or drag it onto the Q-emuLator's icon. If you start Q-emuLator without opening any configuration file, the program uses a default configuration. If you want to change the default configuration, you can do this by saving the desired settings into a configuration file named "default.qcf" and placing it in the Q-emuLator's directory.
You load and save configuration files through commands in the Q-emuLator's 'File' menu.
A 16KB expansion ROM can also be optionally used by the emulator. If a 16KB expansion ROM is insatalled on your QL, you can get an image of it with the "SBYTES FLP1_BACK_ROM,49152,16384" command. To tell Q-emuLator to use the ROM image, copy it to your hard disk, go to the 'QL Configuration' window, press the second 'Select...' button (the one on the 'Back ROM' line) and select the ROM image on your hard disk.
Appendix I - Format of .QCF files
A configuration file is a text file used to store the emulated QL's configuration and some other Q-emuLator's settings.
Configuration files are quite similar to Windows ".INI" files: each line of text describes a different preference or setting, identified by a keyword. The format of each line is:
Keyword = Value
You can, for instance, set the QL's ram amount to 640K with the following line in a configuration file:
Ram = 640K
Configuration files have the ".QCF" suffix. Unlike ".INI" files, you can have multiple configuration files, and you can store them anywhere you like.
The following table describes the keywords you can find and use in configuration files. For each keyword the following table shows the possible values, their meaning, and the default value. The last column shows how you can alter the setting from within Q-emuLator.
Some of these keywords may be ignored by Q-emuLator if you have the "Original QL" registration.
Keyword1 |
Value |
Meaning |
Default |
Q-emuLator |
Ram |
N N K N M |
QL ram amount: N bytes N kilobytes N megabytes |
128K |
'RAM' menu |
MainRom |
name/path2 |
Name/path of main (48KB, at address 0) ROM image. |
QL_ROM |
QL Config. window |
BackRom |
name/path2 |
Name/path of back (16KB, at address $C000) ROM image. |
BACK_ROM |
QL Config. window |
BackRomActive |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Enable back 16KB ROM? |
No |
QL Config. window |
ExpRom |
name/path2 |
Name/path of external (16KB, at address $C0000) ROM image. |
|
QL Config. window |
ExpRomActive |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Enable external 16KB ROM? |
No |
QL Config. window |
UseFloppyName |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Access MDV slots through floppy disk alias? |
Yes |
QL Config. window |
FloppyName |
name |
Floppy disk alias/device name. |
FLP |
QL Config. window |
UseHardDiskName |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Access MDV slots through hard disk alias? |
Yes |
QL Config. window |
HardDiskName |
name |
Hard disk alias/device name. |
WIN |
QL Config. window |
HasRamDisk |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Enable built-in ram disk? |
Yes |
QL Config. window |
RamDiskName |
name |
Name of ram disk device. |
RAM |
QL Config. window |
HasParPort |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Enable parallel port device? |
Yes |
QL Config. window |
ParPortName |
name |
Name of QL parallel port device. |
PAR |
QL Config. window |
TCP |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Enable TCP/IP device driver? |
Yes |
QL Config. window |
Subdirs |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Enable Level 2 file drivers? These drivers support QL subdirectories. |
On |
QL Config. window |
FastStartup |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Skip initial QL memory check? |
No |
QL Config. window |
AutoStartSession |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Launch emulation session when Q-emuLator starts? |
No |
QL Config. window |
FirstKey |
None F1 - F4 |
No special action on F1/F2 prompt. Automatically press the F1, F2, F3 or F4 key at the F1/F2 QL prompt. |
None |
QL Config. window |
Sound |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Enable/Disable sound emulation. |
On |
'Sound' command in the 'QL' menu |
Joystick1 |
Default or None |
Enable/Disable CTL1 joystick emulation. |
None |
'Joystick' command in the 'QL' menu |
SER1 SER2 SER3 SER4 |
COM1 - COM4   None |
Select which COMn: port to assign to each port of the QL serial device. Disable QL serial port. |
COM1 COM2 COM3 COM4 |
QL Config. window |
SLOT1 SLOT2 SLOT3 SLOT4 SLOT5 SLOT6 SLOT7 SLOT8 |
Empty DISK_A DISK_B QXL:full_path path |
The slot is empty. QDOS floppy disk in drive A: QDOS floppy disk in drive B: QXL.WIN file at full_path. Windows directory identified by path. Path should be an absolute Windows path. |
Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty |
Popup menu accessible by clicking on each microdrive slot. |
Speed |
Full QL GoldCard |
Full emulation speed Speed of real QL Speed of QL with Gold Card installed |
Full |
'Speed' menu |
DisplayMode |
Window 640x480 1024x768 |
Q-emuLator window. Fast screen mode. Full screen mode. |
Window |
QL Config. window |
AcceleratedGraphics |
Yes/No or On/Off |
Enable QDOS graphics acceleration? |
Yes |
QL Config. window |
WindowHeight |
Height |
Height of Q-emuLator's window (in pixels) |
376 |
Mouse, or maximize icon |
1
Keywords are not case sensitive and can contain spaces. For example, you can write 'FloppyName', but also 'FloppyNAME', 'FLOPPYNAME' or 'floppy name'.
As an example, the following is the content of a configuration file that specifies the default values:
Ram=640K
You are encouraged to create a personalised default configuration file that Q-emuLator will load each time it starts: customize your settings through the Q-emuLator menu commands (most settings are in the QL Configuration window), choose the 'Save Configuration' command from the 'File' menu, and save the file in the Q-emuLator's directory, naming it 'default.qcf'.
Appendix II - Format of QL files stored in the PC file system
QL files have a special piece of information associated with them, called the 'QDOS file header'. The header stores such information as the file name and whether the file is an executable program.
Q-emuLator for Windows stores part of the header at the beginning of files.
The header is present only when it is useful, i.e. only if it contains non-default information.
The header has the following format:
OFFSET LENGTH (bytes) CONTENT 0 18 "]!QDOS File Header" 18 1 0 (reserved) 19 1 total length_of_header, in 16 bit words 20 lenght_of_header*2-20 QDOS INFO
The first 18 bytes are there to detect whether the header is present (ID string).
The headers Q-emuLator supports can be 30 bytes or 44 bytes long (the value of the corresponding byte at offset 19 is either 15 or 22). In the first case, there are 10 bytes with the values present in bytes 4 to 13 of the 64 bytes QDOS header. In the second case the same piece of information is followed by 14 bytes containing a microdrive sector header, useful for emulating microdrive protection schemes. Additional header information (file length, name, dates) is obtained directly from the file through the host file system.
Some QL programs to translate between QDOS and Q-emuLator for Windows file formats are included in the Q-emuLator package.
The translation is transparently performed when you move files between QDOS floppy disks and Windows directories through Q-emuLator.
Note: The Mac version of Q-emuLator uses a different scheme: the QDOS information is stored in the file's resource fork. (On Macintosh all files have both a data fork - corresponding to a Windows, DOS or UNIX sequential file - and a resource fork, containing structured information called 'resources').
Appendix III - Q-emuLator support site
You can find news and information about Q-emuLator (both Mac and Windows versions) at the following World Wide Web address:
http://users.infoconex.com/daniele/q-emulator.html
Appendix IV - E-mail address for feedback
Please send to me feedback about Q-emuLator (bug reports, questions, comments, suggestions, etc.) at the following e-mail address: