Day 058 - 30 Nov 94 - Page 56


     
     1        proportion for McDonald's I have no idea.
     2
     3   MR. MORRIS:  No.  If we move over to page 17.
     4
     5   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  While Mr. Morris is thinking, I am familiar
     6        with Finland and families owning areas of forests; that is
     7        why so many of them are now in Canada because their area of
     8        forests no longer support the whole of the family, so off
     9        they went to another highly forested area, but does that
    10        apply to Sweden as well, the rest of Scandinavia?  Do they
    11        have areas of forest like people have smallholdings of
    12        agriculture land in this country?
    13        A.  I do not think so.  You may remember that we had
    14        reference to the "Richer Forest" document that was put
    15        before us, and the 80,000 Swedish forest owners who are
    16        undertaking to attend to environmental issues.
    17
    18   Q.   So much the same applies in Sweden?
    19        A.  Very similar to Finland.
    20
    21   MR. MORRIS:  On the fourth paragraph down under carbon fixing,
    22        is the effect of this paragraph that in terms of C02
    23        release and production paper is an improvement on -- could
    24        you sum up the effect of that paragraph?
    25        A.  Well, I think it is in two parts, Morris.  What I am
    26        trying to state, if I am in the right paragraph, is that
    27        wood that is converted into paper products holds that
    28        carbon; in other words, every piece of paper we have in
    29        this room is still holding the carbon. If it is recycled,
    30        then that is all part of the process of putting it back
    31        without releasing the carbon.  If it is burnt, then the
    32        carbon is returned to the air, but only that which
    33        originally the trees had extracted from the atmosphere,
    34        which is one of their most beneficial contributions.
    35
    36        The second part of the paragraph is to point out that all
    37        wood products, and paper and pulp obviously among them,
    38        compared to virtually all other raw materials is
    39        beneficial.  One has to remember that certainly the greater
    40        proportion of wood product in sawmill product and in other
    41        board material product uses very low energy in its
    42        production.  Fortunately, in the paper-making processes it
    43        is normal that the paper mills, such as the one in Finland
    44        which I have been to, Enso-Guzeit, a supplier to
    45        McDonald's, they use entirely their own raw material which
    46        is the wood, the remainder, and that which is extracted in
    47        the process to fire their boilers and produce their heat
    48        source requirement.  They also make their own electricity
    49        from the recover of that wood residue.
    50 
    51        In consequence of that, one could reasonably say that 
    52        compared to all chemical products, plastic products and 
    53        aluminium, steel and other things, wood is doing a
    54        remarkably good job for the environment.
    55
    56   Q.   In your opinion, the best way to safeguard against the
    57        unnecessary release of C02 would be to use recycled paper
    58        as often as possible?
    59        A.  I think recycled paper makes its contribution in many
    60        ways.  I think this well recognised.  It might also be

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