Day 017 - 25 Jul 94 - Page 35
1 by Yvonne Jones and others, also in 1987, do you have it?
A. Yes, I do.
2
Q. Dietary Fat and Breast Cancer in the National Health and
3 Nutrition Examination Survey 1. Epidemiologic Follow-up
Survey -- this is an American paper, is it not?
4 A. Yes.
5 Q. I do not know what JNCI -- Journal of the National Cancer
Institute?
6 A. Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
7 Q. I am only going to read the abstract and then a short
passage further on for balance. Abstract: "The
8 relationship between dietary fat intake and breast cancer
incidence was examined in the National Health and
9 Nutrition Examination Survey 1 Epidemiologic Follow-up
Study cohort. This cohort is derived from adults", what
10 do those signs mean?
A. It means either equal to or greater than 25 years of
11 age.
12 Q. I realised the greater, I did not realise it meant equal
to. That is a very useful sign. Either equal to or
13 greater than, so nobody under 25?
A. Nobody under 25.
14
Q. "Examples in the cross-sectional survey of the US
15 population and provides a mean follow-up time of 10 years.
An analytic sample of 5,485 women, including 99 breast
16 cancer cases (34 premenopausal and 65 postmenopausal at
NHANES 1 base-line), was examined for associations with
17 dietary intake of fat, percent energy from fat, total
energy, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat,
18 monounsaturated fat, and cholesterol on the basis of a
24-hour recall administered at the baseline NHANES 1
19 examination. No significant differences in dietary fat
intake between cases and non-cases were evident when mean
20 intakes for each group were compared. For total fat (in
grams) and saturated fat (in grams) a significant inverse
21 association was indicated in proportional hazards
analyses." Do we need to know what proportional hazards
22 analyses are?
A. I do not think so. Basically, they are just looking
23 at the relative risks of different factors, and this is
analysed statistically to give you some sort rank order of
24 the risks.
25 Q. Then Dr. James, if that is what it should be, goes on:
"Adjustment of fat for total energy intake resulted in a
26 smaller effect that was no longer statistically
significant. Adjustment for accepted breast cancer risk
27 factors did not change these findings. This prospective
study of a sample from the US population does not support
28 the hypothesis that high dietary fat intake increases
breast cancer risk. Indeed, some lower risk associated
29 high fat intake may be indicated, although this result may
be influenced by methodologic problems with the dietary
30 assessment".
