Day 039 - 20 Oct 94 - Page 38


     
     1        typically clinical studies of people that have reported
     2        adverse effects, that show a symptom so they are not on a
     3        random cross-section of the population.  But in Thune and
     4        Granholt study, starting with 100 patients, they say that
     5        of those reporting -- of those they tested with BHA-----
     6
     7   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Where is this?
     8
     9   MR. MORRIS:  The first page, in fact, of the whole of tab 54.
    10        A.  No.  It is 54(B), rather.  It is in the set I have.
    11
    12   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  That is the first one we have.  No, that is
    13        right.  There is one after (A) which is Erem Obasi, then
    14        (B) is Thune and Granholt?
    15        A.  I think one key result is shown in table 2 on page 362.
    16
    17   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Can I get it straight?  Are these people who
    18        were suffering recurrent urticaria?
    19        A.  And who presented with urticaria to an allergy clinic,
    20        and of 40 -- the key figures, I think, are given in table 2
    21        on page 362, where 47 patients were challenged with BHA and
    22        43 with BHT, and six out of 47 responded to BHA in a
    23        blind-challenge and six out of 43 responded to BHT.  It is
    24        slightly unclear here because these compounds are
    25        represented as preservatives when I think they are more
    26        probably characterised as antioxidants.  That, I think, is
    27        the key result there.
    28
    29   Q.   Is there a survey which has tried it with members of the
    30        public who are not suffering, or is the whole point that it
    31        might not affect you or me but on certain people it will
    32        have an effect?
    33        A.  The only studies I have been able to locate of which
    34        I have provided copies are, I believe, studies conducted on
    35        people who have presented, clinically presented, with the
    36        symptoms, and the tests were conducted in order to
    37        establish which compounds might have been responsible for
    38        those symptoms.
    39
    40   MR. MORRIS:  Can we also note on that chart that Sunset Yellow
    41        is 13 out of 86?
    42        A.  Indeed, yes, you are correct.
    43
    44   Q.   Also Amaranth, four out of 32?
    45        A.  Yes, indeed in that same table.  That is consistent
    46        with what I indicated this morning, that the proportion of,
    47        as it were, that Tartrazine seems more able to trigger
    48        those symptoms than Sunset Yellow.
    49
    50   Q.   Can we move on to a different reference? 
    51        A.  The next one is Lennart Juhlin's paper in the British 
    52        Journal of Dermitology.  Yes, the results are provided on 
    53        page 377, table 12.  Page 376 is missing from this copy.
    54        Is it missing from yours?
    55
    56   Q.   Yes, it is missing from my copy.
    57        A.  Oh, dear, because it says it has table 11 and it has
    58        some information on azo-dyes.  But sticking to the point
    59        here, we have 15 out of 156 urticaria patients, patients
    60        with a current urticaria were positively to have shown to

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