Day 007 - 06 Jul 94 - Page 28


     
     1   Q.   We see on the other hand in Asia Pacific, in the top left
              hand column, carbon dioxide makes seven appearances for
     2        the first time?
              A.  That is correct.  The new technology became available.
     3
         Q.   Of the Asia Pacific countries, the Philippines are still
     4        using a mixture of blowing agents as we saw before, and
              Japan is the only other one using hydrocarbons?
     5        A.  Correct.
 
     6   Q.   This reflects on something you told us earlier.  We see
              that in Europe the use of hydrocarbons is extensive?
     7        A.  It is.
 
     8   Q.   Can you tell us something about the technology required to
              blow polystyrene with hydrocarbons, as compared with HCFCs
     9        or CFCs?
              A.  In CFCs blowing agents, there was no concern with
    10        flammability and hydrocarbons are flammable.  So, there
              must be preparations to the manufacturing facility for
    11        ventilation of ambient hydrocarbons whcih may escape, and
              provisions to burn off hydrocarbons that are released by
    12        the foam when they ---- They have to age it; they have it
              to let it sit so that the hydrocarbons do come out.  They
    13        burn that off.  There are a couple of manufacturing
              adjustments that would need to be made from switching to
    14        CFCs to hydrocarbons.
 
    15   Q.   Is that an expensive process?
              A.  Relatively, yes.
    16
         Q.   Does it surprise you that we find the use of hydrocarbons
    17        predominant, or predominantly more common, in those
              relatively wealthy developed countries such as Japan and
    18        most of Europe?
              A.  That makes sense, yes.  When Asia Pacific made the
    19        transition they did not want to go into a hydrocarbons
              because of the expense, so they waited for technology for
    20        C02 so they would not have to convert twice.
 
    21   Q.   Is that C02 technology local or did they get it from
              somewhere else?
    22        A.  From my knowledge, they licensed it Dow Chemicals in
              the USA.
    23
         Q.   Dow Chemicals?
    24        A.  Dow Chemicals.
 
    25   Q.   I think I asked you this earlier:  Do you regard it as
              desirable that that movement towards C02 should continue? 
    26        A.  Oh, yes. 
  
    27   Q.   Can we pass away from these polystyrene foam packages to
              paper?  When I say "paper", Mr. Kouchoukos, unless I say
    28        otherwise, or unless you correct me, I include paper
              board, all right?
    29        A.  Okay.
 
    30   Q.   Is paper board roughly translated into English
               "cardboard"?

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