Day 014 - 20 Jul 94 - Page 31


     
     1        high cholesterol level you are definitely going to die of
              heart disease.
     2
         Q.   To go back a stage:  An excessive intake of saturated fat
     3        is seen as one of the factors which may contribute to high
              cholesterol level?
     4        A.  That is right.
 
     5   Q.   Can you pass then to page 49, 3.4.18?
 
     6   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Can I just check one other matter?  When we
              talk about heart disease, we are leaving on one side
     7        completely things like electrical disorders, which may
              bring sudden death quite out of the blue, then on
     8        postmortem examination show a very low level of plaque and
              any other indication, are we?
     9        A.  Yes, I would think that is probably a fair comment.
              On the whole, what we are concerned with here is in
    10        populations where the average blood cholesterol
              concentration is high, then that tends to be associated
    11        with the progressive development of atherosclerosis,
              particularly in the coronary artery because that is what
    12        provides the blood supply to the heart.
 
    13        So, in a mild case -- I mean, if you get a blockage, then
              that is what brings on a heart attack because it simply
    14        cuts off the supply of blood to the heart.  Then, of
              course, prior to that, obviously, if the supply to the
    15        blood is reduced, then that may show up in the form of
              angina.
    16
         MR. RAMPTON:  At the top of page 49, 3.4.18, so far as this
    17        section -----
              A.  Sorry, which one was that?
    18
         Q.   Top of page 49, 3.4.18?
    19        A.  OK.
 
    20   Q.   This appears to be the panel's conclusion in relation to
              heart disease before we come on to the other?
    21        A.  That is right, yes.  It is on the basis of the
              evidence which they have considered in relation to heart
    22        disease that they have formulated these recommendations.
 
    23   Q.   It formulates a recommendation for SFA's of 10 per cent of
              total dietary energy?
    24        A.  Yes, that is right.
 
    25   Q.   In (iv), 33 per cent for total fat?
              A.  That is right. 
    26 
         Q.   It says: "The Panel stressed that the DRVs for fat and 
    27        fatty acids were closely interdependent and interrelated,
              and could not be taken in isolation".
    28        A.  That is right.
 
    29   Q.   Does that mean this, that you do not necessarily escape
              the consequences, the adverse consequences, of fat by
    30        keeping down your SFA's, or what does it mean?
              A.  I think what it means is that in the context of the

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