Day 069 - 19 Dec 94 - Page 55


     
     1        A.  I have said before, it is perfectly legal to use that
     2        as a source of feed.  I do not know what else to say.
     3
     4   Q.   Say, for example, the environment/index.html">litter from broiler houses.
     5        Mr. Gregory, the Plaintiffs' expert, when he gave evidence,
     6        said that sometimes the environment/index.html">litter from the broilers did get
     7        mixed in to feed to the cattle?
     8        A.  Yes.  It is a good source of protein, so it can be used
     9        with cattle.  Cattle have a totally different digestive
    10        system than humans that would allow it to digest that kind
    11        of protein and transform it into meat; that is unique to
    12        them.  Humans cannot do that.
    13
    14   Q.   Have you seen that, or do you know that that does not
    15        happen with McDonald's food?
    16        A.  No, I do not know that.
    17
    18   Q.   You would find that acceptable?
    19        A.  Yes, I find it acceptable; and there has been a lot of
    20        research documented that it is perfectly all right to use
    21        it.
    22
    23   Q.   Are you aware of concerns about botulism from the use of
    24        feeding poultry environment/index.html">litter to cattle?
    25        A.  Am I concerned about it?
    26
    27   Q.   I said:  are you aware of concerns about the spread of
    28        botulism through that?
    29        A.  I would be very surprised.  Am I concerned?  No.
    30        Botulism is a different bacteria that grows under an
    31        environment which does not have any air.  Most commonly,
    32        you can find it in canned foods, where there is no air.
    33        Where you have air, especially in chicken environment/index.html">litter, and when
    34        you have it, it will not grow.
    35
    36        Also, in addition to that, it is a very weak microorganism
    37        that is not competitive, so just about any other bacteria
    38        present will inhibit their growth.  The only chance they
    39        have of growing is in an environment in which they are the
    40        only ones, such as, it could happen in canned foods.  But
    41        on environment/index.html">litter, that is not my concern and I have no concern for
    42        that.
    43
    44        I might add, botulism is a disease.  It has never been
    45        reported, as far as I know, an outbreak of botulism,
    46        because of use of chicken manure.
    47
    48   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Do you want to take the five-minute break
    49        there?
    50 
    51   MS. STEEL:  Yes. 
    52 
    53   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  When we resume and you continue your
    54        cross-examination, look for a time around four o'clock to
    55        break.
    56
    57                       (Short Adjournment)
    58
    59   MS. STEEL:  You mentioned that you have been to Australia and
    60        seen some of the operations there?

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