Day 014 - 20 Jul 94 - Page 32


     
     1        current British diet, the levels for monounsaturated and
              polyunsaturated fat are about what they have recommended
     2        here.  So basically in my view what they are saying is
              that any reduction in saturated fat should not be
     3        accompanied by an increase in the other types of fat, and
              the effect of that then would be to bring down the total
     4        amount of fat.  If you reduce saturated fat and do not
              change the others, then the recommendations for saturated
     5        fat and total fat would be achieved.
 
     6   MR. MORRIS:  Could I ask for one clarification?
 
     7   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Just pause a moment.
 
     8   MR. MORRIS:  What you said before about the 4.5 per cent and
              6 per cent scale?
     9        A.  No, it was millijules per hundred grammes
              concentration of cholesterol in the blood.
    10
         Q.   Right.  On point 2 in the recommendations that 6 per cent
    11        there that is recommended, is that equivalent to what you
              were saying before?
    12        A.  No, that is quite different.  This is referring to
              polyunsaturated fat.  I was referring to the concentration
    13        of cholesterol in the blood and I was talking about the
              average for the whole country.
    14
         MR. RAMPTON:  Cancer comes next, Professor Wheelock?
    15        A.  Yes.
 
    16   Q.   Will you, please, forgive me if I do not take you through
              the text of this for this reason and this reason alone.
    17        Next week we shall be calling Dr. Sidney Arnott who has
              done this work.  I do not want to repeat ourselves.
    18        A.  Yes.
 
    19   Q.   All I ask you to notice is the section in the paragraph
              headings.  The panel looked at "geographical variations in
    20        cancer incidence".  It looked at "animal studies", it
              looked at epidemiology for breast cancer, colon cancer,
    21        and cancer and serum cholesterol and prostatic cancer.  It
              looked at dietary fat and aetiology of cancer -- aetiology
    22        means, does it -- you tell us what it means?
              A.  Basically, the causes.
    23
         Q.   The passage reads:  "A number of mechanisms whereby fat
    24        could be involved in cancer promotion has been suggested".
 
    25   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Where are you now?
  
    26   MR. RAMPTON:  At 3.5.5. at the top of page 52, my Lord. 
  
    27   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Yes.
 
    28   MR. RAMPTON:  I will read it again:  "A number of mechanisms
              whereby fat could be involved in cancer promotion has been
    29        suggested.  Hormones, particularly oestrogens, are known
              to be important promoters of both animal and human breast
    30        cancer but there are conflicting reports on the effect of
              fat on circulating levels of oestrogen, other female sex

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