Day 034 - 11 Oct 94 - Page 15


     
     1        something recent to 1988.
     2
     3        A little bit later on in the paragraph he makes three
     4        points, first of all, that high fat diets increase the
     5        likelihood of breast cancer in animals.  Often these
     6        studies are done giving an initiator, a carcinogen, a
     7        chemical that can cause cancer.  But some of the animals
     8        are given a high fat diet and some are given a low fat
     9        diet; the effect of the diet on later cancer rates is
    10        noted.
    11
    12        He notes that the animals who follow a high fat diet are
    13        more likely to have cancer.  Secondly, that animals that
    14        are obese are more likely to develop breast cancer.  All
    15        of these references are in relation to breast cancer.
    16        Third, that fat restriction reducing the amount of fat
    17        inhibited the development of breast cancer.
    18
    19        There is nothing in that paragraph that provides any
    20        contradictory evidence and nothing in that paragraph that
    21        provides any evidence of a neutral nature.  It is all
    22        considered supportive and also, presumably, it is related
    23        to -----
    24
    25   Q.   When you say "They all relate to breast cancer", is that
    26        because you know that from the actual references?  The
    27        adjective "mammary" appears twice.
    28        A.  Forgive me -- I had feared that -----
    29
    30   Q.   You have skin tumours.
    31        A.  When I was reading those middle paragraphs, I was
    32        afraid I had left out the words "breast cancer".  I meant
    33        to say those were mammary tumours.  I did not mean to say
    34        that it was implied about his initial introductory
    35        sentences there, which are general in nature.  He reports
    36        that these associations also relate to vegetables oils.
    37
    38        One would have to presume the Surgeon General's
    39        suggestions that the role may be causative; perhaps he had
    40        in mind the fact that the incidence of cancer in the
    41        animals could be manipulated by either feeding them more
    42        cancer, which increased the risk -- I am sorry -- feeding
    43        them more fat, which increased the risk of cancer, or
    44        feeding them less fat, which reduced the risk of cancer,
    45        which may shed some light on whether it is simply an
    46        association or whether, indeed, is some cause and effect.
    47
    48        In the following paragraph the Surgeon General reviews
    49        some information about intestinal tumours, one of which
    50        would be colon cancer. 
    51 
    52   MR. MORRIS:  What page are we on here now? 
    53
    54   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Bottom of page 197.
    55
    56   MR. MORRIS:  I just have one -- do you consider this whole
    57        chapter important in terms of diet and cancer?
    58        A.  Apparently -----.
    59
    60   Q.   Not just for the breast cancer sections, but all of it?

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