Day 058 - 30 Nov 94 - Page 56
1 proportion for McDonald's I have no idea.
2
3 MR. MORRIS: No. If we move over to page 17.
4
5 MR. JUSTICE BELL: While Mr. Morris is thinking, I am familiar
6 with Finland and families owning areas of forests; that is
7 why so many of them are now in Canada because their area of
8 forests no longer support the whole of the family, so off
9 they went to another highly forested area, but does that
10 apply to Sweden as well, the rest of Scandinavia? Do they
11 have areas of forest like people have smallholdings of
12 agriculture land in this country?
13 A. I do not think so. You may remember that we had
14 reference to the "Richer Forest" document that was put
15 before us, and the 80,000 Swedish forest owners who are
16 undertaking to attend to environmental issues.
17
18 Q. So much the same applies in Sweden?
19 A. Very similar to Finland.
20
21 MR. MORRIS: On the fourth paragraph down under carbon fixing,
22 is the effect of this paragraph that in terms of C02
23 release and production paper is an improvement on -- could
24 you sum up the effect of that paragraph?
25 A. Well, I think it is in two parts, Morris. What I am
26 trying to state, if I am in the right paragraph, is that
27 wood that is converted into paper products holds that
28 carbon; in other words, every piece of paper we have in
29 this room is still holding the carbon. If it is recycled,
30 then that is all part of the process of putting it back
31 without releasing the carbon. If it is burnt, then the
32 carbon is returned to the air, but only that which
33 originally the trees had extracted from the atmosphere,
34 which is one of their most beneficial contributions.
35
36 The second part of the paragraph is to point out that all
37 wood products, and paper and pulp obviously among them,
38 compared to virtually all other raw materials is
39 beneficial. One has to remember that certainly the greater
40 proportion of wood product in sawmill product and in other
41 board material product uses very low energy in its
42 production. Fortunately, in the paper-making processes it
43 is normal that the paper mills, such as the one in Finland
44 which I have been to, Enso-Guzeit, a supplier to
45 McDonald's, they use entirely their own raw material which
46 is the wood, the remainder, and that which is extracted in
47 the process to fire their boilers and produce their heat
48 source requirement. They also make their own electricity
49 from the recover of that wood residue.
50
51 In consequence of that, one could reasonably say that
52 compared to all chemical products, plastic products and
53 aluminium, steel and other things, wood is doing a
54 remarkably good job for the environment.
55
56 Q. In your opinion, the best way to safeguard against the
57 unnecessary release of C02 would be to use recycled paper
58 as often as possible?
59 A. I think recycled paper makes its contribution in many
60 ways. I think this well recognised. It might also be
