Day 058 - 30 Nov 94 - Page 63


     
     1   Q.   We see that, I hope I have it right, the United States has,
     2        for example, 195,256,000 hectares of productive forest?
     3        A.  Correct.
     4
     5   Q.   The Canadians have nearly 215 million hectares, right?
     6        A.  That is right.
     7
     8   Q.   The total for Europe, I think, is something like 69, nearly
     9        70 million hectares.  My question is really this: What did
    10        you mean when you described those areas as "productive
    11        forest"?  How do you distinguish "productive" from
    12        "non-productive" or "unproductive" forest.
    13        A.  Separating the non-productive, if you look at the
    14        United States of the total of 266 million hectares, 26.5
    15        per cent of it is non-productive and I go on to Canada 359
    16        million of total forest.
    17
    18   Q.   I noticed that.  I wondered what the distinction actually
    19        was?
    20        A.  I was going on to explain why.  That 40 per cent of it
    21        is non-productive.  You see the great discrepancy between
    22        the two.  The reason for that is that a high proportion of
    23        the Canadian forest is in remote areas and wilderness.  In
    24        the case of the American forest over 53 million hectares of
    25        156 national forests have been wholly set aside as forest
    26        reserves.  The forest reserves are of all kinds:
    27        wilderness, forest, biological reserves and park lands and
    28        the like.  It is a very, very large area.  They have been
    29        dedicating national forests in the United States for 115
    30        years.
    31
    32   Q.   Just in supplement of that, should we make a distinction
    33        between, for example, I take it we are talking about the
    34        far north of Canada when you talk about wilderness, distant
    35        areas?
    36        A.  Yes.
    37
    38   Q.   Should we make a distinction between those sorts of areas
    39        and what may be reserved areas within the United States in
    40        the way in which the forests are affected by mankind?
    41        A.  Yes, the distinction of remoteness is that man's
    42        presence is less common.  The distinction of any kind of
    43        reservation is that man's presence is part of the whole
    44        process of its preservation.
    45
    46   Q.   Can I just then proceed down that road a little bit
    47        further?  This I think is common knowledge, that the
    48        Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, Montana, United
    49        States is perhaps one of the earliest of the national
    50        parks, is that right? 
    51        A.  Correct. 
    52 
    53   Q.   I do not know what size it is, but it consists to a large
    54        extent or to some extent at least of forest?
    55        A.  That is right.
    56
    57   Q.   To a large extent lodge pole pines?
    58        A.  Correct.
    59
    60   Q.   Is that left, as though it might be in Northern Canada,

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