Day 033 - 10 Oct 94 - Page 53


     
     1        not suddenly cause the onset of menarche?
     2        A.  No.  I do not think so. I am not aware of any evidence
     3        suggesting that.  We are really speaking of overall diet
     4        over more prolonged periods of time.
     5
     6   Q.   In the next paragraph, page 2, you say:  "The evidence
     7        supporting the connections between cancer and high-fat
     8        foods, particularly meats, continues to grow.  This is
     9        particularly noteworthy in prostate cancer".  Do you want
    10        to say how it is continuing to grow and how particularly
    11        with prostate cancer?
    12        A.  There are new studies emerging with some regularity.
    13        I wanted to cite, I guess, a couple of them here.  Whether
    14        Giovannucci's article came out after my first statement or
    15        not I do not recall, but Gann's did.
    16
    17   MR. RAMPTON:  I am afraid to say that once again this is one of
    18        the papers that is missing from the copies which were
    19        handed to me, I think it was, last week.
    20
    21   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Is it on the list?
    22
    23   MR. RAMPTON:  It is on the list.  It is on list 2.  It is No.
    24        77.  I am afraid I do not have it.
    25
    26   MR. MORRIS:  We could not find that paper.
    27
    28   MS. STEEL:  There is a bit of confusion.  I think it might be
    29        my fault.  I was trying to find the papers and I asked
    30        Dr. Barnard to bring over the ones that I could not get
    31        hold of, but because we were mainly concentrating on
    32        breast and bowel cancer, I did not specifically mention
    33        the prostate cancer ones.
    34
    35   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Is that readily available, Dr. Barnard, if
    36        it is required?
    37        A.  Certainly I would be more than happy to assist in that
    38        regard if that would be helpful.
    39
    40   Q.   What do you do?  Ring home and get someone to fax it over
    41        here?
    42        A.  Yes, I could do that.  They are both from the Journal
    43        of the National Cancer Institute which is our leading
    44        cancer journal and -----
    45
    46   MR. MORRIS:  The Gann study is available I believe.  Do you
    47        want to refer to that report then, I mean, just summarise
    48        the conclusions or whatever?
    49        A.  Certainly, yes.  Let me review my statement for a
    50        moment, if I may?  Yes, the Gann reference from 1994 
    51        describes a large study of American physicians, 22,000 
    52        physicians, in which men who consumed red meat five to six 
    53        times per week were two and a half times more likely to
    54        develop prostate cancer than those men who ate meat less
    55        than once per week.
    56
    57   Q.   You say these are not simply statistical associations and
    58        there are well-known biological effects that offer
    59        plausible mechanisms?
    60        A.  That is correct.

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