Day 033 - 10 Oct 94 - Page 57
1 to say.
2
3 Q. That does not surprise me that that is your answer. If
4 you have one bullet in a six-chamber revolver, you only
5 need one bullet to finish yourself off perhaps. So, I was
6 not sure the analogy was strictly helpful. Express it in
7 another way, what you are trying to say on the last
8 paragraph on that page?
9 A. What I was attempting to say is that what really
10 counts is the total and overall diet, but that there is no
11 specific -- there is no exact fat limit or fibre limit
12 that is a clear cut dividing line between a healthy diet
13 and an unhealthy diet.
14
15 MR. MORRIS: Can you expand on that in terms of how McDonald's
16 food would fit in, then?
17 A. Well, a McDonald's meal, if we are encouraging people
18 to eat foods that are lower in fat, lower in fat than what
19 the average individual is eating now, a typical McDonald's
20 meal goes in exactly the wrong direction. Their meals are
21 higher in fat than what an average individual is eating
22 now. If we are encouraging people to be eating more
23 fibre, the McDonald's meal goes in the opposite direction.
24 If we encouraging them to be eating more fruits and
25 vegetables, the meals at McDonald's go in exactly in the
26 wrong direction.
27
28 The point I am trying to make is that if we are
29 encouraging individuals to follow a healthy overall diet,
30 the meals served at McDonald's push the diet in an
31 unhelpful direction and, well, I guess that is what I was
32 trying to say. Forgive me if the analogies are not
33 particularly useful in that particular paragraph.
34
35 MR. MORRIS: If we can move on to page 5, that is where you
36 talk about fatty foods tend to be habituating, you do
37 quote some reports on the social and physiological
38 factors, the habituating nature of high fat, high sodium,
39 whatever, food?
40 A. Yes.
41
42 Q. Is this something that is a kind of fairly new area of
43 research?
44 A. There is not a huge body of research in this area.
45 However, researchers have noted the fact that individuals
46 tend to maintain the fat intake, as well as the protein
47 intake and carbohydrate intake, to which they are
48 habituated from one week to the next; it does not change
49 very much, and yet the degree of fat intake can vary quite
50 dramatically from one culture to another. Say, in rural
51 Japan or rural China, today children consume a much lower
52 fat intake. They might find American or Western European
53 foods unpalatable initially. However, were they
54 habituated to them they would in cases of migrant studies
55 where these have been followed tend to continue on the
56 higher fat diet.
57
58 Q. Once they have adopted it?
59 A. Once it has been adopted, yes, and to stay with it.
60 I regret to say we do not have examples of the reverse
