Day 091 - 17 Feb 95 - Page 31


     
     1        at the moment we are using a combination of Trimethoprim
     2        and Sulphadiazine which is marketed as Synutrim.
     3
     4   Q.   Trimethoprim is widely used in the broiler industry, is it
     5        not?
     6        A.  The combination of Trimethoprim and Sulphadiazine in
     7        combination is fairly widely used.
     8
     9   Q.   It is used to combat coli septicaemia?
    10        A.  Yes.
    11
    12   Q.   Coccidiosis?
    13        A.  It would be not be effective for coccidiosis, no.
    14
    15   Q.   And salmonella.
    16        A.  It could be used for salmonella.
    17
    18   Q.   How long have you been using that particular combination?
    19        A.  We have been using it for about 18 months, not
    20        continuously, but as our main antibiotic and, as I said
    21        before, we do vary and we do make a change from time to
    22        time, but that we find the most effective.
    23
    24   Q.   The chicks would get those antibiotics in their feed for
    25        the whole week?
    26        A.  For the first week of life.
    27
    28   Q.   Why did you introduce the use of antibiotics 18 months ago?
    29        A.  We have always used an antibiotic in the starter off
    30        and on over the years.  Furazolodone has been the standard
    31        one used in the industry.
    32
    33   Q.   Has that one been used by Sun Valley?
    34        A.  Yes, that has been used for many years.
    35
    36   Q.   Is it still used?
    37        A.  No, it is not.
    38
    39   Q.   When did you stop using that?
    40        A.  About a year ago.
    41
    42   Q.   Is there growing concern that Trimethoprim -- that
    43        bacteria, particularly salmonella bacteria, are resistant
    44        to that drug?
    45        A.  There is a strain of salmonella which has been found
    46        which has resistance to a number of antibiotics.  It has
    47        been found in the human population and my understanding is
    48        that it is as a result of the excessive use of antibiotics
    49        in human beings.  There is no evidence to suggest that that
    50        there is substantial resistance in the animal population 
    51        and certainly I have not found it. 
    52 
    53   Q.   When you say "substantial" what do you mean, there is some
    54        resistance?
    55        A.  There is some resistance in certain strains of
    56        salmonella that have been isolated from human beings.
    57
    58   Q.   Right.  What is the name of that Trimethoprim when it is
    59        used for humans then, or the equivalent, the connected one?
    60        A.  I think the Trimethoprim in human beings is ----

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