Day 058 - 30 Nov 94 - Page 33
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2 MR. JUSTICE BELL: It is Swedish Pulp & Paper Association at the
3 bottom; is that what the word at the top, in fact, means?
4 A. Basically, yes. "Skogs" really means "forest", so it
5 is the Forest Industry Association. So, it goes a little
6 bit further than just pulp and paper; it also includes
7 sawmilling.
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9 MR. JUSTICE BELL: Do you want to refer Mr. Mallinson to
10 particular parts of it or a particular part?
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12 MR. MORRIS: I am just quickly reading through it actually. On
13 the second page at the bottom of the first column, the last
14 full paragraph, it talks about: "'New forestry'" is
15 largely in line with what is advocated by scientists and
16 the serious natural conservation movements. The new
17 approach to forestry makes it essential for nature
18 preservation to be considered at an early stage." This
19 new approach incorporating the concerns of scientists and
20 serious natural conservation movements, is this something
21 you have been aware of about Sweden, this development?
22 A. I think the answer has to be very much so. It is in
23 line with the kind of changing attitudes that I have been
24 describing in the United Kingdom. I think if I read it
25 correctly on the front page of this one, it gives us that
26 it is a declaration of intent in confirmation of what has
27 been taking place in Sweden throughout the 1980s and that
28 the declaration of intent is a process of speeding it up.
29 That is very much in line with what I believe to be
30 happening everywhere in the forestry world.
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32 Q. It says under "Problems admitted" on the first page: "A
33 cultivated and tended forest cannot contain all the
34 biological qualities and variations that are to be found in
35 the natural forest". Is that something which you would
36 agree with?
37 A. Yes, I would agree with that. They say all the
38 biological qualities and variations, and go on to say: "At
39 the same time, however, we are firmly convinced that
40 effective and efficient forestry operations can be
41 successfully combined with highly demanding nature
42 conservation goals". I think that what has been happening
43 is an increasing realisation turned into effective action,
44 that it would be perfectly fair to say at any one time
45 there are forests which are not managed with a biodiversity
46 as a primary aim, but this has very rapidly changed.
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48 Q. In Sweden anyway from this evidence?
49 A. We are looking at Sweden in this particular case.
50
51 Q. So there seems to be some kind of major turning point that
52 has happened represented by this document, in reality, yes?
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54 MR. JUSTICE BELL: Is that right, because just above the part
55 you have quoted it says "the declaration of intent is
56 confirmation of what has been taking place in Sweden
57 throughout the 1980s. This process, however, is about to
58 speed it up entailing a further mustering of all our
59 inherent strengths". Is that a fair summary of what has
60 happened?
