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Web Application Development using Java

by Dr. Bryce Curtis

February 3, 1997


Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Distribution Model
  3. Client Programming Models
  4. Browser Issues
  5. Client/Server Programming Model
  6. Summary


Introduction:

This paper discusses how to develop distributed applications on the internet using Java on both the client (applets) and server (servlets). Several client programming models will be identified and their issues will be discussed.

Distribution Model:

There are two types of Java programs: applets and applications. While both are written in Java, they have totally different distribution mechanisms.

Client Programming Models:

Given the distribution of Java applets is from the Web server via an HTML page, four programming models for Java applets can be identified. They are:

Within each of these classes are several types. These types can be categorized by the following table:

Single HTML Page Multiple HTML Pages
Single Applet per Page Type 1: Applet contained in web browser (animation, scrolling text)

Type 2: Applet displays windows outside of browser (resembles a windowed application)

HTML Navigation (each screen is a separate HTML page)
Multiple Applets per Page Type 1: Unrelated applets (animation and calculator)

Type 2: Each applet is a different screen of the application

Several screens are on each page (expense account and calculator)

Table 1 - Client Programming Models

In addition, there are global issues associated with the model such as the use of:

for program flow and control.

It should be mentioned before we begin a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the different models that all of these models are relevant to the Java programmer. Thus, it is not possible to recommend the use of only one model. There are, however, situations where one model works better than another, and for those cases, recommendations will be made.