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Health insurance certificate
Japanese workers and their dependents are covered by health insurance schemes that provide a contribution towards the cost of medical treatment, or, in some cases, pay the total cost. Of the Japanese population of 103,720,060 in 1970, virtually all were covered by either government or corporate schemes. The government scheme-participated in by 40% of the population - allows for payment of 700% of the medical costs of the head of the household and his dependents. Corporate schemes, either government-controlled or independently organised, provide variable benefits of up to 100% for employees and dependents. Very large companies invariably organise their own private schemes in conjunction with corporate medical facilities. Various schemes exist for special categories of workers such as civil servants, casual labourers and seamen.