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It is an era when food is scarce, and other commodities are scarcer. People devise all sorts of alternatives and substitutions. Telephone poles and supporting wires are turned to defense purposes. As air raids begin, telephone poles are lined up by the windows of telephone offices to ward off bomb blasts. It was also during this period that a prototype of telephones utilizing a least possible portion of metals was produced.In 1938 (Showa 13) the Konoye Cabinet convenes scientific deliberations, which lead to the appearance on the market of such items as salmon-skin handbags, wooden buckets, whale-hide soccer balls and gasoline made from the roots of pine trees.
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