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bbbhelp.doc
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1989-04-23
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10KB
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225 lines
Use of public domain and shareware software requires an elementary
knowledge of & familiarity with various "DOS" (Disk Operating System)
commands. There are quite a few, but some of the more important ones that
you will need to know to use both public domain and shareware software are
"COPY", "DISKCOPY", "DIR", "TYPE".
None of the disks we distribute are "bootable", which means they do not
have DOS system files on them. You cannot place a disk in your floppy drive
and turn on the computer.
The first thing to do with the disks is to make a BACKUP copy with either
of the following DOS commands (in both cases, follow the screen directions):
A>DISKCOPY A: B: <enter> - if you have two floppy drives
OR
A>DISKCOPY <enter> - if you have only one floppy drive
In the event that you get some sort of error message when using
"DISKCOPY", you will then have to use the "COPY" command to make a backup
of your original disk.
With a two-floppy system, you would do this by placing a FORMATTED disk in
the "B" drive and entering the following command at the "A>" prompt:
A>COPY *.* B: <enter>
With a hard disk system, you will want to copy the contents of the
original disk to a hard disk sub-directory (or un-arc files to it - see
notes below on un-arcing files).
In either a floppy or hard disk system, DON'T run the program directly
from the original disk.
Now put the original disk away and use the working copy. The next
thing to do is see what files are on the disk. You would do this by
placing the disk in the "A" drive and entering the following command:
A>DIR <enter> - will display the filenames
OR
A>DIR /P <enter> - if the directory display scrolls off the screen
Now you will see many different filenames. A filename consists of
two parts: the filename & the extension. The filename will be on the left
(up to 8 characters long) & the extension will be just to the right (up to
3 characters long). You will be looking for certain extension names which
will tell you something about that type of file.
.EXE - an executable program file
.COM - a command file
.BAT - a file with "DOS" commands that may call a program file
.BAS - a "BASIC" program. Needs GWBASIC or BASICA to run the file
.ARC - an archived file - needs to be un-arced; contains many files
.DOC - A DOCUMENTATION FILE - instructions about the program - READ
THIS
.TXT - A DOCUMENTATION FILE - instructions about the program - READ
THIS
You may also see files with names like INFO.DOC or READ.ME or README.1ST
or just README. These are documentation files that will tell you about the
program or how to install / start the program.
IT IS VERY IMPORTANT THAT YOU READ DOCUMENTATION FILES FIRST BEFORE
TRYING TO RUN THE PROGRAM !!!
==============================================================================
There are a number of ways to view/read documentation files.
1) With your program disk in the A: drive, enter the following command from
the A: drive:
A>TYPE filename.ext <enter> - where filename would be README.DOC or
whatever the filename is that you wish to display.
This will display the documentation to the screen. To stop the text
from scrolling by too fast to be read, press "CTRL-S" (the CTRL key and "S"
key at the same time) - then any other key to resume scrolling.
2) Use the MORE command with TYPE to display 23 lines at a time. The display
will pause and wait for you to press any key before the next 23 lines are
displayed. To use this command, at the A prompt, enter either of the
following commands:
A> TYPE filename.ext | more <enter>
OR
A> MORE < A:filename.ext <enter>
3) Use a text file viewing utility, such as LIST.COM. With it, you can not
only pause the screen display; you can also browse the file both forwards and
backwards, or print selected screens to the printer.
Another option is to print out the full text file to the printer. To obtain a
hard copy of the documentation, turn on your printer, and enter either of
the following commands at the prompt:
A> PRINT A:filename.ext <enter> - where filename.ext would be README.DOC or
whatever file you wish to print.
OR
A> TYPE A:filename.ext > PRN <enter>
==============================================================================
An "EXE", "COM", or "BAT" file extension means that when you simply enter
the filename, the computer will do something. For instance, if the filename
were "POKER.EXE", you would simply enter the following at the "A" prompt:
A>POKER <enter> - the poker program would now be "running" and you
would be playing it. This also holds true for "COM" files. A "BAT" file may
call a program or it may just display a documentation file. "BAT" files can
do many different things, such as run a number of programs in succession, or
install a program automatically. (You may TYPE a .BAT file to see what it
does.)
==============================================================================
Another type of file (a little tricky to run) is a "BASIC" file. These types
have the ".BAS" extension. Any file with this extension must be run with the
"BASIC" interpreter. That simply means that you must have a copy of
"GWBASIC.EXE" if you have a clone, or "BASICA.COM" if you have an "IBM".
These 2 files (GWBASIC or BASICA & the ".BAS" file) must be on the same disk,
or must be able to find each other (for instance, through a DOS PATH command
to a hard disk subdirectory C:\DOS that contains all the DOS commands as well
as BASIC.)
For instance, if your copy of "GWBASIC" is on your DOS disk in the A: drive,
and your "BAS" file is on the B: drive, you would enter the following command
from the "B" prompt if the filename was "POKER.BAS":
B>A:GWBASIC POKER <enter> - You must put the "A:" in the command line so
that the computer knows where to find your "BASIC" program.
An easier way to do this is to simply copy "GWBASIC.EXE" to the disk
that contains the "BAS" files. When both files are together & this disk was in
the "A" drive you would enter the following command:
A>GWBASIC POKER <enter> - the poker program would now be "running" &
you would be playing the game.
With a hard disk containing a path command such as path=C:\DOS in the
autoexec.bat file (for automatic execution at boot up), and BASIC in that
subdirectory, execution is much easier. At the A>, enter the following
command:
A>BASICA POKER <enter>
One final note: If after the BASIC program has run, the display leaves you
with an OK prompt, just type "SYSTEM" to be returned to DOS.
==============================================================================
Another important file is one with an ".ARC" extension. This means that
it contains many smaller files in a compressed or squashed format. It CANNOT
be run directly by typing the filename. You MUST "un-arc" the files first,
usually to a hard disk - or to a second floppy drive. Note: If you have only
one floppy drive (and no hard drive), and a disk contains arc-ed files, you
will probably NOT be able to un-arc the arc-ed files to the same floppy.
That is why we STRONGLY recommend that you have a minimum of at least two disk
drives: either two floppy drives, or one floppy and a hard disk. [We try to
include an un-arc utility - usually either PKXARC.COM (v. 3.5) or PKXARC.EXE
(v. 3.6) or the latest version - renamed PKUNPAK.EXE (v. 3.61) - with any
disk with .ARC files. Sometimes, authors provide an un-arc utility as part
of the install program.]
For example, to unarc TEST.ARC, use the following command at the "A" prompt:
(The program PKXARC must either be in the path statement, or on the disk in A:)
A>PKXARC TEST B: <enter> - this would extract ALL the files that are in
TEST.ARC and place them on a disk in the "B" drive. You must have a
formatted blank disk in the "B" drive before issuing this command.
If you have a hard drive you could copy the ".ARC" files & the program
"PKXARC.EXE" to your hard drive (C:) & enter the following command:
C>PKXARC TEST <enter> - this will extract all the files from an
archived state, and leave the arced file(s) *.ARC intact.
OR you could directly un-arc the program files from the floppy to C:,
leaving the .ARC file on the floppy.
If the disk containing the archived files and the PKXARC program is
in A:, and you want to have the unarchived ready-to-run program files in a
sub-directory on the hard disk, first make the sub-directory on C: - i.e.,
at the root level of C:, type: md\PROGRAM (or any other name) - then at
A:>, type PKXARC TEST C:\PROGRAM, and the program will do the rest.
There are numerous command line options for use with the PKXARC/PKUNPAK
program. To see the options, just type PKXARC <enter> or PKUNPAK <enter>
at the prompt for a full screen of information on how to use PKXARC/PKUNPAK
to un-arc arc-ed files.
==============================================================================
Hopefully this file will help enable you to understand & use your disks.
If it all sounds incredibly complicated, then we strongly suggest you purchase
the following disks:
#25 - BEGINNERS - A tutorial on using PD & Shareware software.
#99 - TUTOR (v.4.41) - An excellent program to teach you about your
computer, and the use of "DOS" commands.
#112 - DOS HELP - Help screens for "DOS" ver. 3.3 commands.
BEST BITS & BYTES
P. O. BOX 8225
VAN NUYS, CA 91409
(818) 764-9503